Variable | Control group (30 patients) | i.v. group (30 patients) | Topical group (30 patients) | P value (between groups) | Intergroup comparison | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
P1 P2 P3 | |||||||
Surgical data | |||||||
 Duration of surgery (min) | 117.7 ± 19.4 | 109.1 ± 17.5 | 115.3 ± 20.5 | 0.206a | – | – | – |
 Duration of tourniquet (min) | 97.3 ± 8.5 | 95.4 ± 10.1 | 101.6 ± 11.4 | 0.056a | – | – | – |
 IBL (mL) | 144.5 ± 21.1 | 116.5 ± 15.2 | 137.5 ± 19.2 | <  0.001a | <  0.001 | 0.184 | <  0.001 |
 TPD (mL) | 156.3 ± 27.6 | 76.5 ± 15.2 | 64.1 ± 16.3 | <  0.001a | <  0.001 | <  0.001 | 0.004 |
Postoperative blood tests | |||||||
 HB (g/dL) | |||||||
  24 h | 11.7 ± 1.1 | 12.2 ± 2.2 | 11.9 ± 0.8 | 0.430a | – | – | – |
  POD#3 | 11.2 ± 2.4 | 12.5 ± 3.4 | 11.6 ± 1.2 | 0.125a | – | – | – |
 Hct (%) | |||||||
  24 h | 33.5 ± 4.1 | 34.1 ± 3.9 | 33.7 ± 4.4 | 0.849a | – | – | – |
  POD#3 | 33.7 ± 2.9 | 34.6 ± 2.4 | 34.1 ± 3.1 | 0.466a | – | – | – |
 D-dimer (mg/L) | |||||||
  24 h | 9.6 ± 3.4 | 8.1 ± 2.9 | 8.4 ± 3.3 | 0.165a | – | – | – |
  POD#3 | 11.2 ± 4.1 | 9.8 ± 3.1 | 10.3 ± 3.8 | 0.335a | – | – | – |
 FIB (g/L) | |||||||
  24 h | 5.7 ± 2.1 | 5.1 ± 1.9 | 5.4 ± 2.3 | 0.546a | – | – | – |
  POD#3 | 7.4 ± 2.6 | 6.4 ± 1.3 | 6.8 ± 2.9 | 0.264 | – | – | – |
Real Hb decrease (g/dL) | 1.5 ± 0.6 | 0.9 ± 0.3 | 1.2 ± 0.4 | <  0.001a | <  0.001 | 0.026 | 0.002 |
Transfusion rate (%) | 6.7% | 0 | 0 | 0.129b | – | – | – |