The effect of Kinesio taping on cervical proprioception in athletes with mechanical neck pain—a placebo-controlled trial

Table 2 Results of comparison of the outcome measures in both groups and between groups

	KT Group (n = 33)	Placebo Group (n = 33)	MD (95% CI) (lower limit, upper limit)	Cohen’s d	p-value
Flexion JPE (⁰)				0.77
Baseline	5.6 ± 1.4	5.1 ± 1.2	0.5 (− 0.1, 1.1)		0.130
3 days	4.3 ± 1.5	5.0 ± 1.5	0.7 (−1.5, − 0.1)		0.046
7 days	2.6 ± 1.2	4.7 ± 1.4	2.1 (1.4, 2.7)		< 0.001
p-value	< 0.001	0.001
Extension JPE (⁰)				0.85
Baseline	6.6 ± 1.6	6.33 ± 1.70	0.2 (−0.5, 1.0)		0.508
3 days	5.5 ± 1.5	6.52 ± 1.50	1.0 (0.2, 1.7)		0.010
7 days	3.5 ± 1.6	6.03 ± 1.94	2.4 (1.7, 3.3)		< 0.001
p-value	< 0.001	0.003
LT Rotation (⁰)				0.69
Baseline	5.3 ± 1.4	5.1 ± 1.3	0.2 (−0.4, 0.9)		0.424
3 days	4.3 ± 1.3	4.9 ± 1.5	0.6 (− 0.0, 1.3)		0.064
7 days	3.3 ± 1.0	4.8 ± 1.5	1.4 (0.8, 2.1)		< 0.001
p-value	< 0.001	0.057
RT Rotation (⁰)				0.59
Baseline	5.0 ± 1.3	4.7 ± 1.1	0.3 (−0.2, 0.9)		0.289
3 days	4.0 ± 1.2	4.7 ± 1.3	0.6 (0.1, 1.3)		0.034
7 days	2.9 ± 1.0	4.9 ± 1.2	1.9 (1.3, 2.4)		< 0.001
p-value	< 0.001	0.008
Pain intensity (VAS)				0.57
Baseline	5.46 ± 1.44	4.97 ± 1.42	0.49 (−0.21, 1.19)		0.167
3 days	4.61 ± 1.40	4.89 ± 1.49	0.26 (− 0.44, 0.98)		0.451
7 days	3.24 ± 0.91	4.64 ± 1.39	1.40 (0.82, 1.98)		< 0.001
p-value	< 0.001	0.102
Functional Disability (NDI)				0.03
Baseline	32.18 ± 9.50	31.45 ± 8.64	0.72 (−3.74, 5.19)		0.746
3 days	31.90 ± 9.46	31.21 ± 8.63	0.69 (−3.75, 5.15)		0.756
7 days	31.21 ± 8.43	31.27 ± 8.69	0.06 (−4.15, 4.27)		0.977
p-value	0.009	0.045

KT Kinesio™ tape, MD Mean difference, JPE Joint position error, LT left, RT Right, VAS visual analog scale, NDI neck disability index

ISSN: 1471-2474