Fig. 1

Schematic of Schwab grade 4 osteotomy and combined with percutaneous pedicle screws fixation in post-traumatic thoracolumbar kyphosis. a. A posterior midline incision was used to expose the lamina and spinous process of the osteotomy level. b. The lamina and spinous process were removed. c-d. By using the eggshell technique, the upper part of vertebral body, the disc and endplate above the osteotomy level were removed. e. The pre-curved rods with appropriate length, were placed percutaneously and kyphosis was corrected by closing the osteotomy site