Bone mineral density reference values in Singaporean adults and comparisons for osteoporosis establishment – The Yishun Study

Table 4 Comparison of young adult mean of SG-BMD vs Other Countries, and prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia of Singaporeans using various cut-off values of lumbar spine

	Age Group	Women		Men
	Age Group	YAM_BMD	% Difference	YAM_BMD	% Difference
Singapore	21–39	1.09 ± 0.14	–	1.05 ± 0.12	–
NHANES [24]	20–29	1.06 ± 0.11	2.73	1.06 ± 0.11	0.76
China [20]	30–39	1.09 ± 0.13	0.27	1.07 ± 0.14	2.29
Prevalence of osteoporosis using cut-off values of		Prevalence (%)		Prevalence (%)
Singapore		9.3	–	0.7	–
Hologic		17.3	60.5	5.6	155.6
NHANES		17.3	60.5	5.6	155.6
China		18.9	68.1	5.6	155.6
Prevalence of osteopenia using cut-off values of
Singapore		48.8	–	23.1	–
Hologic		46.3	5.3	19.6	16.4
NHANES		40.7	18.1	18.9	20.0
China		51.0	4.4	23.1	0.0

Data presented in mean ± standard deviation, and in percentage
Prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia are calculated from post-menopausal women and > 50 yr men
% Difference is the percentage of difference between SG-BMD and other countries

ISSN: 1471-2474