Factors affecting postoperative mortality of patients with insufficient union following osteoporotic vertebral fractures and impact of preoperative serum albumin on mortality

Table 3 Factors associated with subsequent survival/mortality in patients who survived more than 2 years after surgery

Characteristic	Died (n = 19)	Survived (n = 56)	p-value^†	Power
Male gender, n (%)	11 (57.9)	16 (28.6)	0.029*	0.48
Age, years	79.1 (7.6)	75.6 (8.0)	0.10	0.38
BMI, kg/m²	21.3 (3.1)	22.5 (3.0)	0.15	0.31
LVEF, %	70.3 (9.6)	71.9 (14.1)	0.65	0.078
Serum albumin, g/dL	3.4 (0.5)	3.9 (0.5)	0.0016*	0.96
BNP, pg/mL	45.3 (36.4)	44.9 (47.2)	0.98	0.050
CCr, mL/min	49.9 (20.1)	63.1 (21.6)	0.021*	0.65
BMD, %YAM	63.4 (14.0)	66.8 (13.4)	0.47	0.15
Follow-up, months	57.1 (21.2)	66.4 (25.3)	0.13	0.32
Time from original injury to surgery, months	4.4 (2.1)	4.6 (0.49)	0.21	0.090
Type of Denis’s classification (A/B.C)	12/7	34/21	0.72
Surgical procedures			0.087
VP (HA) + PF	11 (57.9)	27 (48.2)
BKP	2 (10.5)	16 (28.6)
ADF + PF	6 (31.6)	13 (23.2)
ASA classification ≥3	7 (36.8)	6 (10.7)	0.016*
Modified Frankel classification
C versus D or E	8 (47.1)	21 (38.2)	0.58
Estimated blood loss, ml	168 (155)	335 (499)	0.11
Operative time, min	162 (98.9)	201 (114.3)	0.13

^†p value for Fisher’s exact test or Student’s t test
*P < 0.05 in the comparison between groups
Variables are presented as mean (standard deviation) unless noted otherwise
ADF anterior spinal decompression and fusion, ASA American Society of Anesthesiologists, BMD bone mass density, BKP balloon kyphoplasty, n number in group, BMI body mass index, BNP B-type natriuretic peptide, CCr creatinine clearance, HA hydroxyapatite, LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction, PF posterior fixation, VP vertebroplasty, YAM young adult male

ISSN: 1471-2474