Table 1 Background characteristics of the four groups
Groups | Lumbar (n = 81) | Hip (n = 106) | Knee (n = 43) | Foot & Ankle (n = 27) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Demographic data | ||||
Age (year), mean (SD) | 71.5 (6.9) | 69.2 (6.3)§ | 73.7 (7.1) #,¶ | 68.9 (6.0)§ |
Sex, female, n (%) | 48 (59.3%)# | 93 (87.7%)† | 35 (81.4%) | 21 (77.8%) |
Height (cm), mean (SD) | 157.9 (8.8) | 154.1 (8.1) | 154.7 (8.3) | 156.2 (9.9) |
Weight (kg), mean (SD) | 56.3 (11.8) | 55.1 (10.0)§,¶ | 60.4 (10.9) # | 62.6 (12.3) # |
BMI (kg/m2), mean (SD) | 23.9 (3.4) | 23.2 (3.7)§,¶ | 25.1 (3.7) # | 25.5 (3.7) # |
Disease pathology (n) | LSS (81) | Hip OA (100) ANFH (6) | Knee OA (42) SONK (1) | Ankle OA (13) Midfoot OA (4) Foot deformity (10) |
Surgery (n) | Decompression (55) Short-segment spinal fusion (26) | THA (106) | TKA (33) HTO (8) UKA (2) | Arthrodesis (15) Corrective osteotomy (12) |
Preoperative LS status | ||||
Prevalence of LS (stage 1 and 2), % | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% |
Prevalence of LS stage 2, % | 95.1% | 95.3% | 100% | 85.2% |
Inclusion Criteria | ||||
・Patients underwent surgeries for degenerative diseases of the lumbar spine or lower extremities in our hospitals from January 2016 to December 2018. | ||||
・Patients agreed to participate in the pre- and postoperative physical examinations. | ||||
Exclusion Criteria | ||||
・Patients were younger than 60 years of age. | ||||
・Patients had incomplete data at the three points (preoperatively and at 6 and 12 months postoperatively). | ||||
・Patients underwent another surgery for spinal or extremity disorders during the study period. | ||||