Table 4 SF 12-PCS and associated patients’ characteristics and clinical conditions: multivariable generalised estimating equation models

Intercept

40.41

34.77,46.04

< 0.001

43.01

31.41,54.61

< 0.001

39.29

32.84,45.74

< 0.001

Time (3-months post-surgery)

7.09

−0.26,14.45

0.059

0.36

−16.46,17.18

0.967

9.99

1.43,18.55

0.022

Age ≥ 65 year

3.02

−0.63,6.66

0.105

5.88

−0.31,12.08

0.063

1.60

−2.71,5.92

0.467

Time*Age ≥ 65 year

−5.21

−9.69,-0.74

0.022

−12.18

−19.79,-4.57

0.002

−1.92

−7.05,3.21

0.463

Female sex

−2.96

−6.38,0.46

0.090

−4.83

−11.65,2.00

0.166

−2.13

−6.29,2.02

0.314

Time*Female sex

−1.24

−5.72,3.23

0.586

0.18

−10.49,10.86

0.973

−1.87

−6.92,3.17

0.467

Low education

−0.51

−4.23,3.20

0.786

−1.58

−7.01,3.85

0.568

−0.31

−4.75,4.14

0.892

Time*Low education

−0.93

−5.64,3.78

0.698

1.44

−5.89,8.77

0.701

−2.91

−7.93,2.11

0.256

BMI ≥ 30 kg/m²

−4.96

−8.27,-1.65

0.003

−6.03

−13.14,1.09

0.097

−5.85

−9.61,-2.10

0.002

Time*BMI ≥30 kg/m²

4.85

0.96,8.73

0.015

7.66

−2.72,18.03

0.148

5.52

1.10,9.94

0.014

Depressive symptoms

−4.34

−7.60,-1.08

0.009

−6.37

−12.41,-0.32

0.039

−3.34

−7.24,0.56

0.093

Time*Depressive symptoms

−1.85

−6.03,2.33

0.386

1.57

−6.24,9.38

0.694

−3.00

−7.48,1.48

0.190

Cognitive impairment

1.89

−2.01,5.78

0.343

−2.01

−10.74,6.71

0.651

1.94

−2.84,6.73

0.426

Time*Cognitive impairment

3.30

−2.16,8.76

0.236

13.03

−6.37,32.43

0.188

2.65

−2.79,8.09

0.339

Comorbidity ≥ 4 diseases

− 2.13

−5.08,0.82

0.157

−3.42

−9.63,2.80

0.281

−1.97

−5.53,1.59

0.278

Time*Comorbidity ≥4 diseases

4.86

0.64,9.09

0.024

11.24

3.45,19.02

0.005

3.39

−1.40,8.17

0.166

Current smoker

2.12

−2.00,6.24

0.313

11.01

1.56,20.46

0.022

−0.47

−4.73,3.79

0.829

Time*Current smoker

−3.01

−7.46,1.43

0.184

−16.04

−24.00,-8.08

< 0.001

−0.53

−4.88,3.82

0.810

Current alcohol user

1.14

−2.29,4.57

0.514

1.59

−4.74,7.92

0.622

2.28

−1.79,6.36

0.273

Time*Current alcohol user

−4.34

−9.09,0.41

0.073

−3.39

−12.40,5.63

0.462

−5.83

−11.09,-0.56

0.030

TKA surgery

−2.53

−5.58,0.52

0.104

−6.03

−11.65,-0.41

0.036

−1.13

−4.66,2.39

0.529

Time*TKA surgery

1.93

−1.62,5.49

0.287

4.55

−1.64,10.75

0.150

1.06

−3.00,5.11

0.609