Study ID | Treatment of primary prostate cancer | Adjuvant therapies prior to major treatment | Major treatment | Adjuvant therapies after major treatment | Indication for surgery | Reoperation | Complications |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ju, 2013 [15] | 1) radical prostatectomy (n = 8); 2) TURP (n = 2); 3) EBRT (n = 14); 4) hormone treatment (23 GnRH agonists/ 1 orchiectomy)(n = 24); 5) chemotherapy (n = 10) | 1) narcotics for pain management (n = 25); 2) steroids (n = 25); 3) RT to spinal lesions (n = 25) | a total of 31 procedures: 1)PDC(n = 24), ADC(n = 3), APDC(n = 4); 2) decompressive laminectomy (n = 12); corpectomy /+laminectomy (n = 19); 3)instrumentation: anterior(n = 3), posterior(n = 14), anterior+posterior(n = 11) | 1) RT (n = 14) | 1) rapidly progressive neurological deterioration; 2) spinal mechanical instability | 4 for SCC | 16 |
Meng, 2016 [16] | NA | none | 1) thoracic and lumbar metastases: PDC + pedicle screws and rods +titanium mesh (n = 10)/ cement-wire construct (n = 14); 2) cervical metastases: ADC (n = 1) /PDC(n = 3) /APDC(n = 1) + stable-angle plate osteosynthesis +pedicle screws | 1)BP(n = 16) | 1) rapidly progressive neurological deterioration; 2) pathologic fracture | NA | 9 |
Huddart, 1997 [21] | NA | 1)high-dose steroids(n = 47); 2) hormone therapy (n = 69) | 1) RT (n = 57); 2) operation (n = 13) | none | – | – | NA |
Williams, 2009 [22] | 1) radical prostatectomy(n = 10); 2) EBRT (n = 24); 3) hormone treatment with LHRH agonists or orchiectomy (n = 44); 4) chemotherapy (n = 35) | 1)narcotics(n = 40); 2)steroids(n = 28); 3) RT (n = 24) | a total of 47 procedures: 1)PDC(n = 19), ADC(n = 14), APDC(n = 14); 2)instrumentation: anterior (n = 10), posterior (n = 14), anterior +posterior (n = 7), PMMA (n = 12) | 1) RT (n = 11); 2)narcotics; 3)steroids | 1) intractable pain; 2) SCC; 3) progressive spinal involvement | 3 | 15 |
Rades, 2012 [23] | NA | NA | 1)short-course RT (n = 243); 2)longer-course RT(n = 193) | NA | – | – | NA |
Crnalic, 2011 [24] | 1) LHRH agonists (n = 34); 2) orchiectomy (n = 20); 3) radical prostatectomy (n = 1); 4) curative RT (n = 3); 5)antiandrogens(n = 29); 6) chemotherapy (n = 5) | 1) high-dose steroids (n = 51); 2) RT to other site (n = 17); 3) RT to spinal site (n = 6); 4)BP(n = 3); 5) radioisotopes (n = 4); 6)low-dose prednisone (n = 11) | 1) PDC (n = 29); 2)PDC + pedicle screws /+ hooks (n = 25) | 1) RT (n = 35); 2) chemotherapy (n = 10); 3)BP(n = 8) | 1) neurological defcit due to SCC | 1 for subdural hematoma | 19 |
Drzymalski, 2010 [25] | NA | NA | NA | NA | – | – | NA |
Crnalic, 2012 [14] | 1) LHRH agonists (n = 44); 2) orchiectomy (n = 24); 3) radical prostatectomy (n = 2); 4) curative radiation therapy (n = 7); 5) antiandrogens (n = 35); 6) chemotherapy (n = 10); 7) radioisotopes (n = 5) | 1)high-dose steroids (n = 64); 2) radiotherapy to other metastases (n = 23); 3) zoledronic acid (n = 4); 4)low-dose prednisone (n = 11) | 1)PDC(n = 42); 2)PDC+ pedicle screws /+ hooks(n = 26) | 1) RT (n = 44) | 1) neurological deficit | NA | 24 |
Zakaria, 2018 [26] | NA | 1) BP (n = 61); 2)anti-angiogenic drugs(n = 11) | 1)SBRT(n = 92) | NA | – | – | NA |
Rades, 2015 [27] | NA | NA | 1)short-course RT (n = 144); 2)longer-course RT(n = 99) | NA | – | – | NA |
Lehrmann-Lerche, 2019 [28] | 1) castrationbased therapy (n = 76) | 1)high-dose corticosteroids (n = 76) | 1)RT(n = 72); 2) decompression surgery+RT (n = 4) | NA | – | – | NA |
Weber, 2013 [29] | NA | NA | 1) RT (n = 95) | NA | – | – | NA |