Table 2 Baseline- (T0), follow up- (T1) and change- (Δ T0-T1) scores, and effect sizes for pain, physical functioning and forefoot plantar pressure in the total group (n = 38)
Analysed patients | N | T0 | T1 | Δ T0-T1 | ES | P-value |
pain | ||||||
  FFI pain (range 0–100), primary outcome | 38 | 42.53 (23.92) | 28.66 (23.50) | −13.87 (20.00) | 0.69 | < 0.001 |
  NRS foot pain during walking (range 0–10) | 38 | 5.03 (2.49) | 3.37 (2.76) | −1.66 (2.15) | 0.77 | < 0.001 |
  NRS foot pain during standing (range 0–10) | 37 | 3.95 (2.84) | 2.97 (2.70) | −0.97 (2.28) | 0.43 | 0.014 |
physical functioning | ||||||
  FFI disability (range 0–100), primary outcome | 38 | 32.47 (23.38) | 22.40 (24.66) | −10.07 (12.25) | 0.82 | < 0.001 |
  10-m walking time, seconds | 37 | 8.78 (1.97) | 8.30 (1.33) | −0.49 (1.48) | 0.33 | 0.054 |
observed forefoot plantar pressure | ||||||
  PP central forefoot (kPa) | 38 | 246.98 (78.22) | 236.62 (89.28) | −10.37 (76.62) | 0.14 | 0.40 |
  PTI central forefoot (kPa s) | 38 | 68.84 (28.21) | 61.61 (20.27) | −7.23 (20.64) | 0.35 | 0.033 |
Analysed feet | N |  |  | Δ T0-T1 |  | P-value |
estimated forefoot plantar pressure | ||||||
  PP central forefoot (kPa) | 72 |  |  | −14.20 (10.27)* |  | 0.18 |
  PTI central forefoot (kPa s) | 72 |  |  | −7.07 (2.23)* |  | 0.003 |