Table 2 Study characteristics
Characteristic | Â |
|---|---|
Year published (N = 37) | |
 1997–2001 | 3 |
 2002–2006 | 12 |
 2007–2011 | 9 |
 2012–2016 | 11 |
 2017–2019 | 2 |
Country (N = 37) | |
 Australia | 10 |
 USA | 8 |
 Sweden, UK | 3 |
 Norway | 2 |
 Canada, Egypt, Finland, Germany, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, Spain, Switzerland, Taiwan, Thailand | 1 |
RCT design (N = 37) | |
 Parallel | 35 |
 Factorial | 2 |
 Cluster | 0 |
 Other | 0 |
Number of intervention groups (N = 37) | |
 2 | 31 |
 3 | 3 |
 4 | 3 |
Participants | |
 Total all studies (median; IQR) (N = 36) | 3565 (80.5; 47.5 to 123.5) |
 Age median (IQR) (N = 32) | 80.75 (79.29 to 82.24) |
 Gender (male: female) (N = 32) | 820: 2536 |
Fracture types (N = 37) | |
 Pelvic | 0 |
 Hipa | 36 |
 Tibia (diaphysis/metaphyseal) | 0 |
 Femur (diaphysis/distal metaphyseal) | 0 |
 Knee | 0 |
 Ankle | 1 |
 Foot | 0 |
 Mixture of lower limb fractures | 0 |
Orthopaedic management (N = 37) | |
 Surgical | 30 |
 Conservative | 0 |
 Both | 2 |
 Unclear | 5 |
Exercise intervention typeb(N = 37) | |
 Resistance exercise | 14 |
 Dose of sessions with health professional | 13 |
 Weight bearing exercise | 5 |
 Treadmill training, timing of weight bearing, aerobic exercise | 2 |
Setting of intervention (N = 36) | |
 Inpatient | 11 |
 Outpatient | 6 |
 Community | 13 |
 Combination | 6 |
Subjective mobility outcomes (N = 22) | |
 Hip fracture studies (N = 21): | |
  Harris Hip Scorec, Physical Performance and Mobility Examination, participant self-reported/rated mobility (not a mobility outcome questionnaire/scale) | 3 |
  Performance Oriented Mobility Assessment, Yale Physical Activity Scale, Clinician assessment of gait, Functional Ambulatory Categories | 2 |
  Functional Status Questionnaire, Hip Rating Questionnaire, Nursing Home Life-Space Diameter, Disability Rating Index, Activity Measure for Post-Acute Care, WOMAC, Assistance required for bed transfers, Modified Functional Status Index, Modified Grimby Scale, Harvard Alumni Physical Activity Index, Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly, Part C of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, International Physical Activity Questionnaire long-from, Assessment of gait using 5 items from the gait component of the Performance Oriented Mobility Assessment | 1 |
 Ankle fracture studies (N = 1): | |
 Lower Extremity Functional scale, International Physical Activity Questionnaire short-form | 1 |
Objective mobility outcomes (N = 29) | |
 Hip fracture studies (N = 28): | |
  Timed Up and Go Test | 11 |
  Gait speed | 10 |
  6 min walk test | 7 |
  Timed 6 m walk test | 3 |
  Modified Physical Performance Test, Short Physical Performance Battery, 10 m walk test, cadence during timed 6 m walk test, number of steps during timed 6 m walk test, step length during timed 6 m walk test, timed stair climbing | 2 |
  2 min walk test, 10 min walk test, 10 min walk test with obstacles, 10 min walk test with cognitive task, daily walking distance, distance walked during treatment, Lower Extremity Gain Scale, 48 h step count, timed transfer lying to sitting, 50 ft walk test, time to walk 10 ft and turn back | 1 |
 Ankle Fracture studies (N = 1): | |
  Gait speed | 1 |
Mixed subjective and objective mobility outcomes (N = 4) | |
 Hip fracture studies (N = 4): | |
 Modified Iowa Level of Assistance Scale, Elderly Mobility Scale | 2 |
 Ankle Fracture studies (N = 0) | |
Duration of follow-up (longest time frame in each study) (N = 34) | |
 0–6 weeks | 7 |
 >  6–16 weeks | 9 |
 >  16 weeks | 18 |
Total median (IQR) (N = 33) | 6 (2.5 to 12) months |