Group | Outcomes | Pre-intervention a | Post-intervention a | Mean difference b |
---|---|---|---|---|
Exercise | WOMAC pain (score) | 14.90 (1.86) | 9.00 (1.41) | 5.90 (5.22, 6.57) c |
WOMAC stiffness (score) | 6.40 (0.99) | 4.35 (1.03) | 2.05 (1.72, 2.37) c | |
WOMAC function (score) | 53.70 (5.24) | 38.90 (3.72) | 14.80 (13.05, 16.54) c | |
NRPS (score) | 6.55 (1.09) | 4.25 (0.78) | 2.30 (1.89, 2.70) c | |
PPT point 1 (kg/cm2) | 2.26 (0.75) | 2.36 (0.42) | −0.10 (− 0.41, 0.20) | |
PPT point 2 (kg/cm2) | 2.13 (0.63) | 2.34 (0.62) | −0.20 (− 0.54, 0.12) | |
Fatigue (score) | 3.05 (0.60) | 2.15 (0.58) | 0.90 (0.50, 1.29) c | |
SST (score) | 11.78 (1.08) | 10.98 (1.26) | 0.79 (0.49, 1.10) c | |
Exercise + placebo | WOMAC pain (score) | 15.30 (1.49) | 10.90 (1.55) | 4.40 (3.61, 5.18) c |
WOMAC stiffness (score) | 6.10 (0.91) | 3.95 (0.82) | 2.15 (1.66, 2.63) c | |
WOMAC function (score) | 50.60 (2.92) | 41.35 (2.96) | 9.25 (8.21, 10.28) c | |
NRPS (score) | 6.50 (0.68) | 4.10 (0.85) | 2.40 (1.91, 2.84) c | |
PPT point 1 (kg/cm2) | 2.22 (0.67) | 2.24 (0.75) | −0.02 (−0.50, 0.46) | |
PPT point 2 (kg/cm2) | 2.31 (0.57) | 2.26 (0.46) | 0.04 (−0.35, 0.44) | |
Fatigue (score) | 3.05 (0.68) | 2.05 (0.75) | 1.00 (0.52, 1.48) c | |
SST (score) | 11.66 (0.83) | 10.97 (0.66) | 0.68 (0.50, 0.86) c | |
Exercise + ICT | WOMAC pain (score) | 14.75 (1.61) | 11.00 (1.16) | 3.75 (3.09, 4.40) c |
WOMAC stiffness (score) | 5.95 (0.75) | 4.10 (0.44) | 1.85 (1.46, 2.23) c | |
WOMAC function (score) | 47.60 (3.76) | 36.20 (3.41) | 11.40 (10.43, 12.36) c | |
NRPS (score) | 6.65 (0.98) | 4.15 (0.81) | 2.50 (2.11, 2.88) c | |
PPT point 1 (kg/cm2) | 2.20 (0.63) | 2.13 (0.37) | 0.07 (−0.26, 0.41) | |
PPT point 2 (kg/cm2) | 2.37 (0.63) | 2.04 (0.47) | 0.33 (−0.03, 0.69) | |
Fatigue (score) | 3.00 (0.65) | 2.05 (0.60) | 0.95 (0.51, 1.39) c | |
SST (score) | 11.15 (1.27) | 10.58 (1.08) | 0.56 (0.22, 0.91) c | |
Exercise + SDT | WOMAC pain (score) | 15.20 (1.15) | 11.30 (1.41) | 3.90 (3.19, 4.61) c |
WOMAC stiffness (score) | 5.75 (0.91) | 3.90 (0.55) | 1.85 (1.50, 2.20) c | |
WOMAC function (score) | 46.90 (3.27) | 36.85 (2.28) | 10.05 (8.23, 11.87) c | |
NRPS (score) | 6.40 (0.99) | 4.40 (0.75) | 2.00 (1.60, 2.40) c | |
PPT point 1 (kg/cm2) | 2.20 (0.48) | 2.13 (0.39) | 0.07 (−0.22, 0.36) | |
PPT point 2 (kg/cm2) | 2.10 (0.46) | 2.01 (0.34) | 0.09 (−0.15, 0.32) | |
Fatigue (score) | 3.25 (0.55) | 2.35 (0.59) | 0.90 (0.60, 1.20) c | |
SST (score) | 11.03 (0.87) | 10.17 (0.78) | 0.86 (0.74, 0.99) c | |
Exercise + PHOTO | WOMAC pain (score) | 14.00 (1.49) | 10.45 (1.05) | 3.55 (3.16, 3.93) c |
WOMAC stiffness (score) | 5.90 (0.97) | 3.60 (0.60) | 2.30 (1.92, 2.67) c | |
WOMAC function (score) | 48.50 (3.23) | 39.20 (2.12) | 9.35 (8.01, 10.69) c | |
NRPS (score) | 6.70 (0.86) | 4.20 (1.00) | 2.50 (2.03, 2.97) c | |
PPT point 1 (kg/cm2) | 2.38 (0.29) | 2.27 (0.34) | 0.11 (−0.09, 0.30) | |
PPT point 2 (kg/cm2) | 2.06 (0.41) | 2.25 (0.34) | −0.18 (− 0.43, 0.06) | |
Fatigue (score) | 3.10 (0.55) | 2.10 (0.55) | 1.00 (0.70, 1.30) c | |
SST (score) | 10.27 (0.89) | 10.27 (0.62) | 0.77 (0.41, 1.12) c |