Table 2 Comparison of radiographic parameters at the time of second-look operation

Load-bearing axis deviation ^a (%)

64.3 ± 9.2

64.2 ± 6.4

Hip-Knee-Ankle angle ^a (valgus, °)

4.3 ± 2.6

4.0 ± 1.7

Medial proximal tibial angle ^a (°)

93.7 ± 3.0

93.5 ± 2.4

Joint line convergence angle ^a (°)

1.8 ± 2.2

1.7 ± 2.0

Posterior tibial slope (°)

6.8 ± 4.6

7.7 ± 4.0

Blackburne-Peel ratio ^a

0.7 ± 0.1

0.8 ± 0.2

Caton-Deschamps ratio ^a

0.8 ± 0.2

0.9 ± 0.2

Lateral patellofemoral angle ^a (°)

13.5 ± 4.2

12.3 ± 5.6

Kellgren–Lawrence grade^b

 Grade 1

0 (0.0%)

1 (3.0%)

 Grade 2

8 (13.6%)

7 (21.2%)

 Grade 3

43 (72.9%)

21 (63.6%)

 Grade 4

8 (13.6%)

4 (12.1%)

Patellofemoral osteoarthritis stage according to Iwano’s classification^b

 Stage 0

8 (13.6%)

10 (30.3%)

 Stage 1

25 (42.4%)

13 (39.4%)

 Stage 2

26 (44.1%)

10 (30.3%)