Differential response to vibration of three forms of scoliosis during axial cyclic loading: a finite element study

Table 1 Material properties of the FE models

Parts	Young’s modulus (MPa)	Poisson ratio	Reference
Vertebra
Cortical bone	12000	0.3	[15,16,17]
Cancellous bone	100	0.2	[15]
Posterior body	3500	0.25	[18]
Endplate	12000	0.3	[16, 19]
Discs
Annulus ground substance	4.2	0.45	[15,16,17, 20, 21]
Nucleus pulpous	1	0.499	[17, 22,23,24]
		E1/E2	v
Annulus Fiber Laminate [17, 25]
Inside laminate	Inner ply (±30°)	360/4.2	0.3
	Middle ply (±30°)	385/4.2	0.3
	outer ply (±30°)	420/4.2	0.3
Outer laminate	inner ply (±30°)	440/4.2	0.3
	middle ply (±30°)	495/4.2	0.3
	outer ply (±30°)	5500/4.2	0.3
Ligaments		Nonlinear force-displacement curves [23, 26]

ISSN: 1471-2474