Table 1 Fracture characteristics, concomitant injuries, and treatment details per Hawkins classification
Hawkins classification | Type 1 n=16 (73%) | Type 2 n=5 (23%) | Type 3 n=1 (5%) |
|---|---|---|---|
Displacement ≥2 mm | 13 (81%) | 5 (100%) | 1 |
Comminuted | 6* (38%) | 5 (100%) | 1 |
Concomitant injuries | 13 (73%) | 4 (80%) | 1 |
Number concomitant injuries | 1.7 ± 1.1 (0 to 4) | 2.0 ± 1.6 (0 to 4) | 3 |
Primary surgical procedure | |||
ORIF | 16 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 0 |
Resection | 0 (0%) | 5 (100%) | 1 |
Additional surgical procedures | |||
None | 5 (31%) | 1 (20%) | 0 |
Resection i.a. loose bodies | 7 (44%) | 0 | 0 |
Subtalar microfracturing | 2 (13%) | 1 (20%) | 1 |
Subtalar AMIC | 2 (13%) | 0 | 0 |
Reconstruction lateral ankle ligament complex | 0 | 2 (40%) | 0 |
Peroneal tendon repair | 0 | 1 (20%) | 0 |