Is treated HIV infection associated with knee cartilage degeneration and structural changes? A longitudinal study using data from the osteoarthritis initiative

Table 3 Results of longitudinal analyses for primary and exploratory outcome parameters between groups

Parameters	The rates of change over 8 years		Differences on average over 8 years
Parameters	Effect size (95% CI)^a	P_i value	Effect size (95% CI)^b	P_a value
Primary outcome parameters
Regular T2 values
T2 global*	0.005 (−0.011, 0.022)	0.523	0.13 (−0.90, 1.15)	0.809
Laminar T2 values
Global bone layer T2	0.006 (−0.009, 0.022)	0.411	0.20 (−0.72, 1.12)	0.669
Global articular layer T2	0.005 (−0.014, 0.024)	0.620	0.89 (−0.41, 2.19)	0.180
Texture parameters
Global knee contrast*	−0.072 (−0.108, − 0.035)	0.000
Global knee variance*	−0.031 (− 0.050, − 0.013)	0.001
Global knee entropy*	−0.001 (− 0.004, 0.002)	0.460	0.09 (0.00, 0.19)	0.047
Exploratory outcome parameters
WORMS scores
Cartilage sum score	0.012 (−0.008, 0.032)	0.248	−1.04 (−2.61, 0.53)	0.194
Meniscus sum score	0.004 (−0.008, 0.015)	0.514	−0.79 (− 2.31, 0.74)	0.313
BMEPs sum score	0.004 (−0.006, 0.015)	0.437	−0.89 (−2.21, 0.43)	0.188
Subchondral cysts sum score	0.001 (−0.009, 0.012)	0.788	−1.51 (−2.47, − 0.55)	0.002
Effusion score	0.000 (−0.003, 0.003)	0.865	0.24 (0.10, 0.38)	0.001
Ligament sum score*	−0.001 (− 0.007, 0.004)	0.610	− 0.16 (− 0.65, 0.34)	0.534
IPFP and SPFP signal abnormalities
IPFP signal abnormalities (size)	−0.007 (− 0.011, − 0.003)	0.001
IPFP signal abnormalities (SI)	−0.006 (− 0.011, − 0.002)	0.010
SPFP signal abnormalities (SI)*	−0.004 (− 0.007, − 0.000)	0.030

*Parameters that had a non-linear change over 8 years. ^aEffect size for the rates of change over 8 years between groups, with (95% confidence intervals, CI) provided. ^bEffect size for the differences on average over 8 years between groups, with (95% confidence intervals) provided. Effect size were corrected for age, sex, race and baseline BMI and K&L grades. P_i values < 0.05 were in bold, indicating significant interactions with time. P_a values < 0.05 were in bold, indicating significant differences on average over 8 years. BMEP bone marrow edema pattern, IPFP infrapatellar fat pad, SPFP suprapatellar fat pad, SI signal intensity

ISSN: 1471-2474