Fig. 3
The mean and standard deviation visual analog scale scores for pain at rest after total knee arthroplasty. We injected the additional percutaneous periarticular multi-drug injection on postoperative day 1, at 08:30. The mean area under the curve was 1616 in the additional periarticular injection group compared with 2808 in the no additional injection group (95% confidence interval, − 2043 to − 340, p = 0.007). RR, recovery room