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Table 4 Subgroup analysis stratified by sex using multivariable-adjusted regression modela

From: Association between liver enzymes and bone mineral density in Koreans: a cross-sectional study

 

Male

Female

β

95% CI

p-value

β

95% CI

p-value

Femur neck

AST

 AST > 23

− 0.0026

(− 0.0175,0.0122)

0.7281

0.0070

(−0.006,0.02)

0.2876

 19 < AST ≤23

0.0023

(−0.0126,0.0173)

0.7596

−0.0021

(−0.0123,0.0081)

0.6879

 16 < AST ≤19

−0.0018

(−0.0187,0.0151)

0.8328

−0.0005

(− 0.0109,0.0098)

0.9203

 AST ≤16

Ref.

  

Ref.

  

 per log unit

  

0.7181

  

0.8203

ALT

 ALT > 23

0.0024

(−0.016,0.0207)

0.7997

0.0013

(−0.0121,0.0148)

0.8480

 16 < ALT ≤23

0.0032

(−0.0148,0.0211)

0.7288

0.0010

(−0.0099,0.012)

0.8501

 12 < ALT ≤16

0.0082

(−0.0098,0.0261)

0.3719

0.0011

(−0.0078,0.0099)

0.8144

 ALT ≤12

Ref.

  

Ref.

  

 per log unit

  

0.2549

  

0.5154

GGT

 GGT > 32

−0.0153

(−0.0413,0.0107)

0.2485

−0.0138

(−0.0278,0.0003)

0.0549

 19 < GGT ≤32

−0.0001

(−0.0269,0.0267)

0.9941

−0.0102

(− 0.0219,0.0015)

0.0862

 13 < GGT ≤19

0.0011

(−0.0258,0.028)

0.9363

−0.0041

(−0.0124,0.0041)

0.3248

 GGT ≤13

Ref.

  

Ref.

  

 per log unit

  

0.0018

  

0.1700

Lumbar spine

AST

 AST > 23

−0.0163

(−0.0351,0.0024)

0.0878

−0.0090

(−0.024,0.0061)

0.2426

 19 < AST ≤23

−0.0115

(−0.0296,0.0066)

0.2125

−0.0136

(− 0.0271,-0.0002)

0.0472

 16 < AST ≤19

−0.0162

(− 0.035,0.0027)

0.0922

− 0.0020

(− 0.0137,0.0097)

0.7346

 AST ≤16

Ref.

  

Ref.

  

 per log unit

  

0.0562

  

0.0431

ALT

 ALT > 23

−0.0074

(−0.0297,0.0149)

0.5139

−0.0048

(− 0.0228,0.0131)

0.5952

 16 < ALT ≤23

0.0015

(−0.0195,0.0225)

0.8887

−0.0039

(−0.0167,0.0088)

0.5437

 12 < ALT ≤16

−0.0046

(−0.0259,0.0167)

0.6731

−0.0045

(− 0.0161,0.0071)

0.4461

 ALT ≤12

Ref.

  

Ref.

  

 per log unit

  

0.1372

  

0.4714

GGT

 GGT > 32

−0.0158

(−0.0393,0.0077)

0.1874

−0.0109

(−0.0315,0.0096)

0.2957

 19 < GGT ≤32

0.0036

(−0.0208,0.028)

0.7702

−0.0095

(−0.0229,0.0039)

0.1648

 13 < GGT ≤19

0.0018

(−0.0256,0.0291)

0.8981

−0.0102

(−0.0209,0.0005)

0.0623

 GGT ≤13

Ref.

  

Ref.

  

 per log unit

  

0.0008

  

0.4578

  1. aAdjusted for age, body mass index (BMI), alcohol use, diabetes, physical activity, education, and smoking status
  2. AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; GGT, γ-glutamyl transferase
  3. GGT demonstrated negative associations with the femoral neck and lumbar BMD in men, and statistical significance was especially pronounced in older age groups (> 41 years) (Additional file 1: Table S3). While statistical significance for liver enzymes and femoral neck and lumbar BMD was not observed in women of all ages, GGT displayed a negative association with femoral neck BMD in postmenopausal women (Additional file 1: Table S3)
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BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders

ISSN: 1471-2474

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