Table 3 Estimates, standard error and P value from the linear mixed models for heart rate variability indices showing the main effect of group, domain and the interaction (group × domain) in the crude and adjusted models in DPhacto (n = 568)
Variables | Crude model | Adjusted model* | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Estimate | Standard error | P | Estimate | Standard error | P | |
IBI, ms | ||||||
Group | 0.93 | 0.58 | ||||
Pain-free | 793.8 | 13.5 | 935.3 | 43.4 | ||
Single-site pain | 786.1 | 9.9 | 936.6 | 42.4 | ||
Multisite pain | 781.1 | 6.1 | 930.6 | 42.0 | ||
Domain | < 0.01 | < 0.01 | ||||
Sleep | 294.7 | 4.4 | 293.1 | 4.5 | ||
Leisure | 39.5 | 4.4 | 37.9 | 4.5 | ||
Interaction | 0.36 | 0.28 | ||||
Pain-free at sleep | −21.8 | 10.7 | −21.6 | 11.0 | ||
Pain-free at leisure | −12.6 | 10.6 | −11.4 | 10.9 | ||
Single-site pain at sleep | −1.2 | 8.4 | 5.5 | 8.8 | ||
Single-site pain at leisure | −1.5 | 8.3 | 1.2 | 8.7 | ||
ln SDNN | ||||||
Group | 0.55 | 0.61 | ||||
Pain-free | 3.92 | 0.03 | 4.92 | 0.11 | ||
Single-site pain | 3.95 | 0.02 | 4.95 | 0.11 | ||
Multisite pain | 3.95 | 0.01 | 4.94 | 0.11 | ||
Domain | 0.20 | 0.07 | ||||
Sleep | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.01 | ||
Leisure | −0.01 | 0.01 | −0.01 | 0.01 | ||
Interaction | 0.36 | 0.13 | ||||
Pain-free at sleep | −0.04 | 0.03 | −0.05 | 0.03 | ||
Pain-free at leisure | 0.00 | 0.03 | 0.00 | 0.03 | ||
Single-site pain at sleep | −0.05 | 0.03 | −0.07 | 0.03 | ||
Single-site pain at leisure | −0.01 | 0.03 | −0.01 | 0.03 | ||
ln RMSSD | ||||||
Group | 0.54 | 0.81 | ||||
Pain-free | 3.17 | 0.05 | 4.32 | 0.17 | ||
Single-site pain | 3.17 | 0.04 | 4.31 | 0.16 | ||
Multisite pain | 3.17 | 0.02 | 4.30 | 0.16 | ||
Domain | < 0.01 | < 0.01 | ||||
Sleep | 0.61 | 0.01 | 0.61 | 0.02 | ||
Leisure | 0.07 | 0.01 | 0.07 | 0.02 | ||
Interaction | 0.16 | 0.13 | ||||
Pain-free at sleep | −0.10 | 0.04 | − 0.11 | 0.04 | ||
Pain-free at leisure | −0.04 | 0.04 | −0.04 | 0.04 | ||
Single-site pain at sleep | −0.06 | 0.03 | −0.07 | 0.03 | ||
Single-site pain at leisure | −0.03 | 0.03 | −0.02 | 0.03 | ||
ln LF | ||||||
Group | 0.89 | 0.86 | ||||
Pain-free | 6.49 | 0.09 | 8.96 | 0.25 | ||
Single-site pain | 6.54 | 0.06 | 8.99 | 0.24 | ||
Multisite pain | 6.52 | 0.04 | 8.98 | 0.24 | ||
Domain | < 0.01 | < 0.01 | ||||
Sleep | −0.06 | 0.03 | −0.06 | 0.03 | ||
Leisure | −0.17 | 0.03 | −0.17 | 0.03 | ||
Interaction | 0.64 | 0.41 | ||||
Pain-free at sleep | −0.04 | 0.09 | − 0.07 | 0.09 | ||
Pain-free at leisure | 0.01 | 0.09 | 0.01 | 0.09 | ||
Single-site pain at sleep | −0.09 | 0.07 | −0.12 | 0.07 | ||
Single-site pain at leisure | 0.00 | 0.07 | 0.00 | 0.07 | ||
ln HF | ||||||
Group | 0.50 | 0.79 | ||||
Pain-free | 4.94 | 0.12 | 7.47 | 0.35 | ||
Single-site pain | 4.92 | 0.08 | 7.39 | 0.34 | ||
Multisite pain | 4.96 | 0.05 | 7.41 | 0.34 | ||
Domain | < 0.01 | < 0.01 | ||||
Sleep | 1.40 | 0.04 | 1.39 | 0.04 | ||
Leisure | 0.22 | 0.04 | 0.22 | 0.04 | ||
Interaction | 0.53 | 0.37 | ||||
Pain-free at sleep | −0.17 | 0.10 | −0.20 | 0.10 | ||
Pain-free at leisure | −0.08 | 0.10 | −0.07 | 0.10 | ||
Single-site pain at sleep | −0.07 | 0.08 | −0.08 | 0.08 | ||
Single-site pain at leisure | −0.03 | 0.07 | −0.02 | 0.08 | ||
ln LF/HF | ||||||
Group | 0.51 | 0.82 | ||||
Pain-free | 1.66 | 0.08 | 1.46 | 0.22 | ||
Single-site pain | 1.75 | 0.06 | 1.60 | 0.22 | ||
Multisite pain | 1.69 | 0.03 | 1.57 | 0.21 | ||
Domain | < 0.01 | < 0.01 | ||||
Sleep | −1.51 | 0.03 | −1.51 | 0.03 | ||
Leisure | −0.26 | 0.03 | −0.26 | 0.03 | ||
Interaction | 0.22 | 0.18 | ||||
Pain-free at sleep | 0.17 | 0.08 | 0.18 | 0.08 | ||
Pain-free at leisure | 0.07 | 0.08 | 0.06 | 0.08 | ||
Single-site pain at sleep | −0.02 | 0.06 | −0.04 | 0.07 | ||
Single-site pain at leisure | 0.03 | 0.06 | 0.02 | 0.07 | ||