Total (n = 4059) | 45-54y n (%) | 55-64y n (%) | 65-74y n (%) | ≥75y n (%) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | % (95% CI) | |||||
Core treatments | ||||||
***Written informationa | 934 | 23.0 (21.7,24.3) | 190 (24.7) | 298 (26.2) | 267 (21.8) | 179 (19.3) |
**Muscle strengthening exercises | 532 | 13.1 (12.1,14.1) | 113 (14.7) | 172 (15.1) | 150 (12.2) | 97 (10.5) |
*Aerobic fitness exercise | 154 | 3.8 (3.2,4.4) | 36 (4.7) | 44 (3.9) | 55 (4.5) | 19 (2.0) |
Dieting to lose weightb | 261 | 9.4 (8.3,10.5) | 37 (7.1) | 90 (10.9) | 99 (11.4) | 35 (6.4) |
1st and 2nd line pharmacological treatment | ||||||
***Paracetamol | 1270 | 31.3 (29.9,32.7) | 149 (19.4) | 283 (24.9) | 395 (32.2) | 443 (47.7) |
***Anti-inflammatory creams/gels e.g. topical NSAIDs | 1055 | 26.0 (24.7,27.4) | 150 (19.5) | 243 (21.4) | 341 (27.8) | 321 (34.6) |
*Capsaicin cream | 66 | 1.6 (1.2,2.0) | 4 (0.5) | 22 (1.9) | 21 (1.7) | 19 (2.0) |
***Anti-inflammatory tablets e.g. oral NSAIDs | 1276 | 31.4 (30.0,32.8) | 306 (39.7) | 406 (35.7) | 366 (29.9) | 198 (21.3) |
***Stronger painkillers e.g. opioids, compound analgesics | 1641 | 40.4 (38.9,41.9) | 263 (34.2) | 416 (36.6) | 535 (43.7) | 427 (46.0) |
Intra-articular corticosteroid injection | 463 | 11.4 (10.4,12.4) | 81 (10.5) | 146 (12.9) | 131 (10.7) | 105 (11.3) |
Adjunctive treatment | ||||||
Warmth, heat or cold application | 334 | 8.2 (7.4,9.0) | 57 (7.4) | 105 (9.2) | 95 (7.8) | 77 (8.3) |
***Walking aids | 676 | 16.7 (15.6,17.8) | 64 (8.3) | 122 (10.7) | 179 (14.6) | 311 (33.5) |
***Assistive devices | 301 | 7.4 (6.6,8.2) | 24 (3.1) | 44 (3.9) | 75 (6.1) | 158 (17.0) |
Transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation (TENS) | 127 | 3.1 (2.6,3.6) | 22 (2.9) | 41 (3.6) | 37 (3.0) | 27 (2.9) |
Shock-absorbing shoes or insoles | 247 | 6.1 (5.4,6.8) | 41 (5.3) | 63 (5.5) | 81 (6.6) | 62 (6.7) |
Appliances and support and braces | 265 | 6.5 (5.7,7.3) | 52 (6.8) | 80 (7.0) | 59 (4.8) | 74 (8.0) |
Service use | ||||||
Joint arthroplasty/operation | 365 | 9.0 (8.1,9.9) | 73 (9.5) | 105 (9.2) | 102 (8.3) | 85 (9.2) |
***Manual therapy | 998 | 24.6 (23.3,25.9) | 219 (28.4) | 311 (27.4) | 282 (23.0) | 186 (20.0) |