Fig. 3From: Vascular endothelial growth factor expression and their action in the synovial membranes of patients with painful knee osteoarthritisImmunostaining of VEGF and apelin in the synovial membranes of knee OA patients. Synovial membranes stained with a DAPI (nuclei), b VEGF, or c apelin. d The merged images. Region enclosed by dotted lines indicates the lining layer (LL), which is above the sublining layer (SLL) in the synovial membrane. Scale bar = 100 μmBack to article page