The risk of violating the posterior malleolar fracture when nailing the ipsilateral concomitant spiral distal tibial fracture

Table 1 Patient demographics and fracture characteristics

Clinical characteristics	n
FAR (%)^a	19.06 ± 8.6
HP (mm)	33.38 ± 10.06
Incidence of displaced PMF (%)	25.45
Incidence of a “connection line” (%)	78.18
Mean displacement of the PMF (mm)^b	1.50 (1.03–1.83)
Incidence of PMF violation (%)
S₁₃	50.91
S₁₅	43.64
S₃₇	1.82
Distance from the nail tip to the PMF (mm)	4.29 (1.5–8.54)
Distance from distal AP locking screws to the violated PMF (mm)
S₁₃	−7.41 (−13.07 to −5.17)
S₁₅	−6.34 (−10.53 to − 5.73)
S₃₇	− 1.18

Posterior malleolar fragment (PMF), height of posterior malleolar fragment (HP), fragment area ratio (FAR), anteroposterior (AP)
^aThe values are given as the mean and the standard deviation. ^bThe values are given as the median with Q25 and Q75

ISSN: 1471-2474