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Table 4 Sex differences in change in physical function and HRQoL outcomes after exercise intervention

From: Sex differences in response to targeted kyphosis specific exercise and posture training in community-dwelling older adults: a randomized controlled trial

Outcome

Women (n = 60)

Men (n = 41)

p-value

LS Mean change (95% CI)

LS Mean change (95% CI)

Modified PPT (0–36 points)

−1.0 (−2.6 to 0.5)

−1.9 (−3.8 to 0.1)

0.51

4-m walk (meters/s)

0.02 (0 to 0.1)

0 (−0.1 to 0.1)

0.57

Timed Up and Go (seconds)

−0.1 (−0.4 to 0.1)

0.1 (−0.2 to 0.5)

0.22

Timed Loaded Standing (seconds)

3.2 (−4.3 to 10.6)

1.7 (−7.5 to 10.9)

0.81

Six Minute Walk Test (meters)

11.5 (− 3.3 to 26.3)

1.8 (−16.2 to 19.9)

0.41

SRS 30 Self-esteem (0–5 points)

0.25 (0.1 to 0.4)

0.2 (0.1 to 0.3)

0.52

Global health index (0–50)

0.7 (− 0.3 to 1.6)

0.5 (−0.6 to −1.6)

0.84

Physical function (t--score)

1.7 (0.3 to 3.2)

2.0 (0.3 to 3.8)

0.79

  1. *p-value for interaction by sex with p < 0.1 indicating significance