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Table 5 Mean and standard deviation local minimum (LMin), local maximum (LMax), and sum of local minimum and maximum (LSum) occurrences of clinically observed typical and judder (JUD) patterns using phase-plane diagram for each segment

From: Kinematic characterization of clinically observed aberrant movement patterns in patients with non-specific low back pain: a cross-sectional study

Segment

Group

LMin

LMax

LSum

FT

Typical

JUD

2.7 ± 1.4*

5.1 ± 2.4

3.6 ± 1.4*

5.9 ± 2.2

6.3 ± 2.7*

11.0 ± 4.5

FP

Typical

JUD

2.1 ± 1.4*

5.5 ± 3.0

4.1 ± 1.3*

6.1 ± 2.7

7.3 ± 2.6*

11.6 ± 5.7

PL

Typical

JUD

3.0 ± 1.3*

5.6 ± 2.5

3.7 ± 1.2*

6.1 ± 2.2

6.7 ± 2.5*

11.7 ± 4.6

PT

Typical

JUD

1.3 ± 1.0*

2.6 ± 1.5

1.9 ± 0.9*

3.1 ± 1.2

3.2 ± 1.9*

5.7 ± 2.6

  1. FT Total trunk (Thoracic spine (T3) with respect to right femur), FP Pelvic segment (Pelvis (S2) with respect to right femur), PL Lumbar segment (Lumbar spine (L1) with respect to pelvis (S2)), PT Thoracolumbar segment (Thoracic spine (T3) with respect to pelvis (S2))
  2. * = statistical significance (p < 0.10)