Assessment of potential risk factors for new onset disabling low back pain in Japanese workers: findings from the CUPID (cultural and psychosocial influences on disability) study

Table 2 Mutually adjusted associations of risk factors at baseline with new onset of disabling low back pain

Risk factor	^aOR	(95% CI)	^bOR	(95% CI)
Age
< 40 years	1.0		1.0
40–49 years	0.8	0.4–1.8	1.0	0.5–2.0
≥ 50 years	0.7	0.2–1.9	0.7	0.2–2.1
Female gender	1.4	0.7–2.8	1.5	0.8–3.0
Work ≥60 h per week	1.8	1.0–3.5	1.9	1.0–3.6
Lift weights ≥25 kg by hand	1.6	0.9–3.0	1.5	0.8–2.8
Inadequate break time at work	1.4	0.7–2.6	1.4	0.8–2.7
Past history of LBP	2.8	1.6–4.9	–	–

Participants with missing data for any of the variables in the model were excluded
^aMutually adjusted odds ratios (with 95% confidence intervals) derived from a logistic regression model which included all of the variables for which results are presented
^bMutually adjusted odds ratios (with 95% confidence intervals) derived from a logistic regression model which included all of the variables for which results are presented but did not adjust for past history of LBP

ISSN: 1471-2474