Table 4 Effect size for baseline and cumulative predictors of HDO

 Age, years

1

1–1.03

0.99

1

1–1.1

0.83

 Years of formal education

0.9

0.9–1

0.16

0.9

0.8–1

0.18

 Presence of comorbidities

0.6

0.5–3.7

0.28

0.5

0.2–1.1

0.10

 SF-36

1

0.96–1

0.08

1

1–1.02

0.79

 Disease duration, months

0.9

0.8–10.5

0.18

0.9

0.8–1.1

0.46

 DAS28

1.3

1.1–1.7

0.003

1.2

0.9–1.6

0.40

 N° of disease flares/patient^a

2.9

1.2–5.2

0.001

2.5

1.4–4.5

0.003

 Sustained remission

0.4

0.1–1

0.05

0.3

0.2–2.1

0.36

 N° of DMARDs/patient

3.1

0.1–5.8

0.05

1.9

1.6–5.3

0.14

 Persistence <50%^b

2.7

1.3–5.7

0.006

1.7

0.7–4.3

0.24