Fig. 4
From: Leptin differentially regulates chondrogenesis in mouse vertebral and tibial growth plates
Leptin inhibited chondrogenesis in VGP but not in TGP. a Gene expression levels of collagen IIA (col2a) and aggrecan (acan) were measured by real time quantitative PCR for the primary cells treated with 0, 10, 50, 100, and 1000 ng/mL of leptin. GAPDH was used as the reference gene. (* p < 0.05, Student’s t-test, n = 3). b Proteins levels of chondrogenic-related markers, including Smad4, PCNA, and Sox9, were assayed by Western blotting. The primary TGP and VGP chondrocytes were treated with 0, 10, 50, 100, and 1000 ng/mL of leptinok