Altered somatosensory profile according to quantitative sensory testing in patients with degenerative lumbar spine disorders scheduled for surgery

Table 2 Pre- and post-surgery measurements, comparison between those with and without altered sensory profile in QST

	Pre-surgery measurements					Post-surgery measurements
	Without altered sensory profile n = 82^a		Altered sensory profile n = 23^b		P	Without altered sensory profile n = 79^c		Altered sensory profile n = 21^d		P
Age, mean (SD)	58.6	(12.5)	64.0	(13.8)	0.031
Women, n (%)	37	(45)	18	(78)	0.005
Spinal stenosis, n (%)	45	(55)	16	(70)	0.207
Disc herniation, n (%)	24	(29)	6	(26)	0.765
Pain duration >2 years, n (%)	44	(56)	11	(50)	0.859
ODI, mean (SD)	37.1	(15.9)	42.9	(15.7)	0.112	28.4	(17.2)	30.8	(18.0)	0.566
VAS back pain, mean (SD)	50.9	(27.5)	63.6	(19.3)	0.016	28.8	(26.2)	38.3	(26.6)	0.147
ODI > 40% n (%)	37	(48.1)	15	65.2)	0.148	14	(17.9)	6	(28.6)	0.641
VAS leg pain, mean (SD)	58.8	(27.0)	69.3	(15.1)	0.020	23.7	(28.5)	34.0	(27.5)	0.146
EQ-5D index, mean (SD)	0.43	(0.30)	0.37	(0.32)	0.430	0.62	(0.28)	0.68	(0.16)	0.356
EQ-VAS, mean (SD)	51.9	(22.2)	45.9	(21.1)	0.250	66.3	(21.3)	73.4	(19.7)	0.173
HADS anxiety, mean (SD)	5.8	(3.6)	6.6	(4.49)	0.345	4.05	(3.1)	5.4	(4.0)	0.110
HADS depression, mean (SD)	4.6	(3.2)	4.8	(3.9)	0.832	3.27	(2.93)	3.84	(3.30)	0.455
SES, mean (SD)	132.9	(41.5)	116.3	(35.4)	0.120	155.0	(32.7)	146.2	(41.9)	0.348
SF-36 PCS, mean (SD)	30.1	(9.4)	26.9	(7.3)	0.117
SF-36 MCS, mean (SD)	48.3	(11.69)	39.8	(13.06)	0.004
FABQ-PA, mean (SD)	14.8	(6.1)	15.0	(6.0)	0.870
Pain drawing n (%):
Back or unilateral leg pain	37	(46.3)	4	(17.4)	0.029
Bilateral leg pain	31	(38.8)	12	(52.1)
Back- leg pain and other pain locations	12	(15)	7	(30.4)

QST Quantitative sensory testing, SD standard deviation, ODI Oswestry Disability Index (0–100) (higher score indicate higher disability), VAS visual analogue scale (0–100) (higher score indicate higher pain intensity); EQ-5D (− 0.594 - 1) and EQ-VAS EuroQol (higher score indicate better health), HADS Hospital anxiety and depression scale (0–21) (higher score indicate more signs of symptoms), SES Self-Efficacy Scale (0–200) (higher score indicate better self-efficacy), SF-36 PCS, physical component summery and MCS, mental component summery (0 – 100) (higher score indicate better health), FABQ-PA fear avoidance beliefs questionnaire – physical activity (0–24) (higher score indicates higher level of fear avoidance beliefs)
^aMaximum missing data in each column: n = 7, ^b n =4, ^c n = 6, ^d n = 4

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