| |
All patients n = 105a
|
Spinal stenosis n = 61b
|
Disc herniation n = 30c
|
Spinal stenosis/Disc herniation P
|
|---|
|
Age, mean (SD)
|
59.8
|
(12.9)
|
67.6
|
(7.6)
|
47.7
|
(11.4)
|
<0.001
|
|
Women, n (%)
|
55
|
(52.4)
|
32
|
(52.5)
|
16
|
(53.3)
|
0.937
|
|
Pain duration back/leg > 2 years, n (%)
|
55
|
(52.5)
|
38
|
(63.3)
|
8
|
(30.7)
|
0.003
|
|
ODI, mean (SD)
|
38.4
|
(15.6)
|
37.9
|
(15.3)
|
40.2
|
(16.0)
|
0.539
|
|
VAS back pain, mean (SD)
|
53.8
|
(26.4)
|
54.1
|
(25.0)
|
49.9
|
(28.8)
|
0.493
|
|
VAS leg pain, mean (SD)
|
61.2
|
(25.2)
|
61.9
|
(22.0)
|
67.4
|
(24.3)
|
0.298
|
|
EQ-5D index, mean (SD)
|
0.42
|
(0.31)
|
0.41
|
(0.32)
|
0.41
|
(0.29)
|
0.924
|
|
EQ-VAS, mean (SD)
|
50.5
|
(21.8)
|
51.4
|
(21.6)
|
50.7
|
(22.0)
|
0.896
|
|
HADS anxiety, mean (SD)
|
6.0
|
(3.8)
|
5.6
|
(3.5)
|
5.9
|
(4.1)
|
0.744
|
|
HADS depression, mean (SD)
|
4.7
|
(3.3)
|
4.3
|
(3.1)
|
4.5
|
(3.5)
|
0.773
|
|
SES, mean (SD)
|
129.8
|
(40.8)
|
132.5
|
(40.3)
|
125.1
|
(44.0)
|
0.451
|
|
SF-36 PCS, mean (SD)
|
29.4
|
(9.1)
|
28.5
|
(9.4)
|
30.3
|
(8.9)
|
0.417
|
|
SF-36 MCS, mean (SD)
|
46.4
|
(12.5)
|
47.9
|
(11.4)
|
45.5
|
(15.0)
|
0.419
|
|
FABQ-PA, mean (SD)
|
14.8
|
(6.0)
|
14.0
|
(6.3)
|
15.5
|
(5.6)
|
0.321
|
|
Pain drawing n (%):
|
|
Back and/or unilateral leg pain
|
41
|
(39.8)
|
14
|
(23.35)
|
19
|
(65.5)
|
<0.001
|
|
Bilateral leg pain
|
43
|
(41.7)
|
34
|
(56.7)
|
6
|
(20.7)
|
|
Back- leg pain and other pain locations
|
19
|
(18.4)
|
12
|
(20.0)
|
4
|
(13.8)
|
-
SD standard deviation, ODI Oswestry Disability Index (0–100) (higher score indicate higher disability), VAS visual analogue scale (0–100) (higher score indicate higher pain intensity); EQ-5D (− 0.594 - 1) and EQ-VAS EuroQol (higher score indicate better health), HADS Hospital anxiety and depression scale (0–21) (higher score indicate more signs of symptoms), SES Self-Efficacy Scale (0–200) (higher score indicate better self-efficacy), SF-36 PCS physical component summery and MCS mental component summery (0–100) (higher score indicate better health), FABQ-PA fear avoidance beliefs questionnaire – physical activity (0–24) (higher score indicates higher level of fear avoidance beliefs)
-
aMaximum missing data in each column: n = 11, b
n =9, c
n = 4
