Table 1 Participants’ baseline characteristics
From: Effects of yoga, strength training and advice on back pain: a randomized controlled trial
Description | Kundalini yoga (n = 52) | Strength training (n = 52) | Control group (n = 55) |
|---|---|---|---|
Female n, (%) | 37 (71.7) | 32 (61.5) | 44 (80) |
Age mean, (SD) | 46.9 (9.6) | 46.3 (9.3) | 43.9 (11.7) |
Marital status n, (%)a | |||
Single | 18 (34.6) | 17 (33.3) | 11 (20.8) |
Cohabitant with partner/married | 31 (59.6) | 29 (56.9) | 34 (64.2) |
Cohabitant with others | 2 (3.8) | 4 (7.8) | 7 (13.2) |
Education n, (%)b | |||
Compulsory school | 3 (5.8) | 3 (5.8) | 4 (7.5) |
Upper secondary school | 22 (42.3) | 26 (50.0) | 28 (52.8) |
University/University college | 27 (51.9) | 23 (44.2) | 21 (39.7) |
Lived in Sweden n, (%)c | |||
Always | 37 (71.2) | 38 (73.1) | 35 (66.0) |
Less than 5 years | 2 (3.8) | 1 (1.9) | 1 (1.9) |
More than 5 years | 13 (25.0) | 13 (25.0) | 17 (32.1) |
BMI mean, (SD) | 25.7 (4.3) | 26.0 (4.2) | 25.2 (4.2) |
Employment status n, (%)d | |||
Employed | 41 (78.8) | 45 (86.5) | 53 (96.4) |
Student/unemployed/unpaid work | 10 (19.2) | 7 (13.4) | 2 (3.6) |
Chronic low back pain n, (%)e | 48 (94) | 50 (96) | 51 (93) |