Fig. 3

Cytokine production and release in response to bacteria: a Osteoblasts were cultivated with S. epidermidis in two concentrations and after 6 h, RNA for IL-6, IL-8, and CCL2 was quantified (data with cells of one individual are shown; mean of duplicates). Cytokine release into the supernatant was determined 24 h and 48 h after exposure to either S. aureus or S. epidermidis (bacteria to cell ratio 100 or 500 bacteria/per cell) (b) or (c) with a ratio of 1:20;100 or 500 (data with cells of one individual are shown). d shows the summary of experiments with cells of 5 individuals stimulated with bacteria (1:100) for 24 h. e osteoblasts were cultivated with bacteria (1:100) at either 4 °C or 37 °C for 20 min; after washing culture was continued for 24 h and cytokines in the supernatant were measured