Table 4 SPADI, NPRS and PROM: Differences in change scores between the two injection groups (Intervention steroid alone (IS); Intervention steroid plus saline (ISD)) and the treatment-as-usual group (TAU)

Primary outcome variable

SPADI

 Short-term (4 and 8 weeks)^a

1.2 (−7.1 to 9.6)

−20.8 (−28.9 to −12.7)***

−21.7 (−29.4 to −14.0)***

 Long-term (12 months)^b

0.1 (−10.4 to 10.7)

−7.0 (−16.4 to 2.5)

−7.0 (−16.8 to 2.8)

Secondary outcome variable

NPRS

 Short-term (4 and 8 weeks)^a

0.3 (0.6 to 1.2)

−2.0 (−2.8 to −1.1)***

−2.2 (−3.0 to −1.4)***

Tertiary outcome variables

Abduction

 Short term (4 and 8 weeks)^a

−4.5 (−9.7 to 0.8)

8.3 (2.3 to 14.3)**

12.7 (6.6 to 18.9)***

External rotation

 Short term (4 and 8 weeks)^a

−0.9 (−5.8 to 4.1)

10.8 (5.8 to 15.9)***

11.9 (6.8 to 17)***

Internal rotation

 Short term (4 and 8 weeks)^a

−1.1 (−6.6 to 4.5)

8.8 (3.1 to 14.6)**

9.9 (4.7 to 15.1)***

Hand behind back

 Short term (4 and 8 weeks)^a

−0.7 (−2.4 to 2.2)

5.0 (2.8 to 7.2)***

5.1 (2.9 to 7.2)***