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Table 4 Comparison of occurrence of gait disturbance by gendera

From: Differences in musculoskeletal health due to gender in a rural multiethnic cohort: a Project FRONTIER study

 

Male

Female

 

Number of participants (%)

Odds Ratio (CI)

Number of participants (%)

Odds Ratio (CI)

Parameters

Normal

Gait disturbance

Odds Ratio

Odds Ratiob

Normal

Gait disturbance

Odds Ratio

Odds Ratioc

 

(n = 273)

(n = 18)

(raw)

(adjusted)

(n = 601)

(n = 59)

(raw)

(adjusted)

Race

        

 Hispanic

153 (56.04)

11 (61.11)

  

374 (62.33)

21 (35.59)

  

 Non-Hispanic white

108 (39.56)

5 (27.78)

0.64 (0.22,1.91)

0.29 (0.03,3.42)

207 (34.50)

34 (57.63)

2.93 (1.65,5.17)

1.17 (0.24,5.72)

 Others

12 (4.40)

2 (11.11)

2.32 (0.46,11.68)

0.42 (0.03,5.36)

19 (3.17)

4 (6.78)

3.75 (1.17,12.01)

0.67 (0.07,6.85)

BMI

        

 Underweight

---

---

not estimable

not estimable

4 (0.67)

0 (0.00)

not estimable

not estimable

 Normal

46 (16.91)

5 (27.78)

  

109 (18.14)

12 (20.69)

  

 Overweight

123 (45.22)

7 (38.89)

0.52 (0.16,1.73)

0.52 (0.08,3.37)

198 (32.95)

12 (20.69)

0.55 (0.24,1.27)

0.51 (0.14,1.85)

 Obese

103 (37.87)

6 (33.33)

0.54 (0.16,1.85)

0.31 (0.02,5.73)

290 (48.25)

34 (58.62)

1.06 (0.53,2.13)

0.43 (0.08,2.19)

Chronic health problemd

        

 No

61 (22.34)

4 (22.22)

  

207 (34.50)

7 (11.86)

  

 Yes

212 (77.66)

14 (77.78)

1.01 (0.32,3.17)

1.48 (0.32,6.98)

393 (65.50)

52 (88.14)

3.91 (1.75,8.77)

2.08 (0.66,6.51)

General healthe

        

 Good or better health

177 (64.84)

5 (27.78)

  

385 (64.06)

31 (52.54)

  

 Fair or poor health

96 (35.16)

13 (72.22)

4.79 (1.66,13.85)

4.65 (1.04,20.82)

216 (35.94)

28 (47.46)

1.61 (0.94,2.76)

3.67 (1.17,11.47)

Arthritis

        

 No

253 (92.67)

13 (72.22)

  

557 (92.68)

40 (67.80)

  

 Yes

20 (7.33)

5 (27.78)

4.87 (1.58,15.02)

3.21 (0.60,17.21)

44 (7.32)

19 (32.20)

6.01 (3.21,11.25)

2.58 (0.96, 6.94)

Employed

        

 No

78 (49.37)

13 (92.86)

  

211 (57.65)

36 (85.71)

  

 Yes

80 (50.63)

1 (7.14)

0.08 (0.01,0.59)

0.47 (0.08,2.79)

155 (42.35)

6 (14.29)

0.23 (0.09,0.55)

0.55 (0.17,1.82)

 

Median (min, max)

Median (min, max)

  

Median (min, max)

Median (min, max)

  

Age (yrs)

60.0 (40.0,93.0)

72.5 (47.0,87.0)

1.08 (1.03,1.13)

1.07 (0.99,1.15)

55.0 (40.0,94.0)

72.0 (41.0,96.0)

1.08 (1.06,1.11)

1.06 (1.01,1.12)

Education (years)

10.0 (0.0,20.0)

8.5 (0.0,16.0)

0.94 (0.85,1.03)

1.07 (0.88,1.30)

11.0 (0.0,20.0)

12.0 (1.0,20.0)

1.03 (0.96,1.09)

1.13 (0.95,1.33)

Income ($10,000 increment)

3.0 (1.0,8.0)

2.0 (1.0,8.0)

0.77 (0.58,1.02)

0.85 (0.53,1.36)

3.0 (1.0,8.0)

2.0 (1.0,8.0)

0.77 (0.66,0.91)

0.86 (0.66,1.12)

Waist circumference (cm)

99.1 (78.7,149.9)

99.1 (86.4,142.2)

1.02 (0.93,1.12)

1.19 (0.93,1.52)

96.5 (50.8,210.8)

104.1 (66.0,251.5)

1.07 (1.03,1.11)

1.02 (0.93,1.12)

Body fat (%)

29.3 (0.0,43.3)

29.9 (0.0,44.4)

0.99 (0.92,1.06)

0.91 (0.81,1.01)

40.0 (0.0,53.2)

42.9 (0.0,48.4)

1.03 (0.98,1.09)

1.07 (0.96,1.19)

CRP (mg/dL)

1.0 (0.2,33.4)

1.6 (0.5,12.4)

1.01 (0.89,1.14)

1.07 (0.93,1.24)

1.1 (0.1,31.1)

4.3 (0.5,24.2)

1.12 (1.06,1.18)

1.09 (1.01,1.19)

Glucose (mg/dL)

102.0 (65.0,304.0)

103.0 (83.0,303.0)

1.01 (1.00,1.02)

1.01 (1.00,1.03)

97.0 (67.0,520.0)

98.0 (75.0,400.0)

1.00 (1.00,1.01)

1.01 (1.00,1.01)

HbA1c (%)

5.7 (4.6,14.3)

6.1 (4.8,13.0)

1.26 (0.99,1.61)

1.49 (0.99,2.24)

5.7 (4.1,14.0)

6.0 (4.7,14.0)

1.13 (0.97,1.31)

1.32 (1.01,1.70)

Uric acid (mg/dL)

6.0 (2.2,10.5)

6.1 (4.1,8.3)

0.94 (0.65,1.37)

0.98 (0.55,1.75)

4.7 (1.8,10.8)

5.2 (2.5,9.7)

1.29 (1.02,1.62)

1.00 (0.69,1.44)

LDL (mg/dL)

109.0 (34.0,253.0)

90.5 (49.0,201.0)

1.00 (0.98,1.01)

1.00 (0.98,1.02)

112.0 (38.0,250.0)

105.0 (24.0,190.0)

0.99 (0.98,0.99)

0.99 (0.98,1.01)

vLDL (mg/dL)

29.0 (9.0,235.0)

30.0 (16.0,58.0)

0.99 (0.97,1.02)

1.00 (0.98,1.03)

28.0 (9.0,139.0)

25.0 (9.0,230.0)

1.01 (0.99,1.02)

1.01 (0.99,1.03)

  1. BMI body mass index, CRP C-reactive protein, HbA1c glycated hemoglobin, LDL low density lipoprotein, vLDL very low density lipoprotein
  2. aPatients with at least one of the gait abnormalities including stiff, spastic, narrow-based, wide-based, unstable and shuffling gaits are defined as having gait disturbance
  3. b n = 159 due to missing values; from multivariable analysis; adjusted for demographic and socioeconomically factors
  4. cn = 362 due to missing values; from multivariable analysis; adjusted for demographic and socioeconomically factors
  5. dPatients with at least one of the chronic health problems of diabetes, pulmonary disease, and heart disease are defined as having chronic health problems
  6. eBased on questionnaire survey, patients who had “Excellent”, “Very good” or “Good” general health were defined as having “good or better health” condition, and those who had “Fair” or “Poor” general health were defined as having “fair or poor health” condition
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BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders

ISSN: 1471-2474

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