Table 3 The adjusted GEE analysesa of the association between musculoskeletal pain (0–4) and work-related and individual risk factors
From: Multisite musculoskeletal pain among young technical school students entering working life
All (N = 420) | Men (N = 153) | Women (N = 267) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number of pain sites | No. observations = 8820 (T0-20, 6½ years) | No. observations = 3213 (T0-20, 6½ years) | No. observations = 5607 (T0-20, 6½ years) | |||||||
RR | 95 % CI | p-value | RR | 95 % CI | p-value | RR | 95 % CI | p-value | ||
Gender | Men | 1.00 | ||||||||
Women | 1.20 | 1.02–1.42 | 0.02 | |||||||
Mechanical workload (0–24) | 1.01 | 1.00–1.01 | <0.01 | 1.00 | 0.99–1.01 | 0.14 | 1.01 | 1.00–1.01 | <0.01 | |
Quantitative work demands (0–4) | 1.02 | 0.99–1.04 | 0.13 | 0.99 | 0.96–1.03 | 0.83 | 1.02 | 1.00–1.05 | 0.04 | |
Control over work intensity (0–4) | 1.01 | 0.99–1.02 | 0.44 | 0.99 | 0.96–1.02 | 0.72 | 1.01 | 0.99–1.03 | 0.13 | |
Perceived muscle tension (0–22) | 1.02 | 1.01–1.03 | <0.01 | 1.03 | 1.01–1.04 | <0.01 | 1.02 | 1.01–1.03 | <0.01 | |
Handgrip strength (kg) | 1.00 | 0.99–1.00 | 0.84 | 1.01 | 0.99–1.02 | 0.42 | 0.99 | 0.98–1.01 | 0.41 | |
Muscle endurance (Seconds) | 0.99 | 0.99–1.00 | 0.39 | 0.99 | 0.99–1.00 | 0.60 | 0.99 | 0.99–1.00 | 0.28 | |
Physical activity (0–6) | 0.99 | 0.98–1.00 | 0.12 | 0.98 | 0.97–1.00 | 0.08 | 1.00 | 0.99–1.01 | 0.87 | |
Tobacco use | No | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||||
Yes | 1.16 | 1.06–1.26 | <0.01 | 1.23 | 1.04–1.45 | 0.02 | 1.05 | 0.96–1.16 | 0.27 | |
Socioeconomic status | Low | 1.00 | ||||||||
High | 0.88 | 0.79–0.98 | 0.02 | 0.91 | 0.70–1.18 | 0.47 | 0.88 | 0.80–0.98 | 0.02 | |
Time (T0-T20) | 1.01 | 0.99–1.01 | 0.05 | 1.01 | 1.00–1.01 | <0.01 | 0.99 | 0.99–1.00 | 0.69 | |