| |
White
|
South Asian
|
P value
|
|---|
|
Number
|
91
|
89
| |
|
Age, years; mean (SD)
|
57.74 (12.74)
|
52.46(12.94)
|
0.006a
|
|
Female
|
56 (61)
|
69 (77)
|
0.024b
|
|
Level of education
| | |
0.538c
|
|
Primary
|
0 (0)
|
11 (12)
| |
|
Secondary
|
49 (54)
|
33 (38)
| |
|
College
|
21 (23)
|
26 (30)
| |
|
University
|
21 (23)
|
18 (20)
| |
|
Number of years of education
|
14 (11–16)
|
15 (11–17)
|
0.439c
|
|
Employment
|
0.001b
|
|
Full time
|
33 (36)
|
31 (35)
| |
|
Part time
|
3 (3)
|
8 (9)
| |
|
Unemployment
|
3 (3)
|
1 (1)
| |
|
Never employed
|
0 (0)
|
1 (1)
| |
|
Not working due to RA
|
12 (13)
|
15 (17)
| |
|
Not working for other reason
|
19 (21)
|
7 (8)
| |
|
Home maker**
|
4 (4)
|
18 (20)
| |
|
Retired
|
17 (19)
|
8 (9)
| |
|
Preferred language spoken by patient
|
<0.001b
|
|
English
|
91 (100)
|
51 (57)
| |
|
Punjabi
|
0 (0)
|
29 (33)
| |
|
Urdu
|
0 (0)
|
6 (7)
| |
|
Hindi
|
0 (0)
|
3 (3)
| |
|
Language spoken with GP
|
<0.001b
|
|
English
|
91 (100)
|
68 (76)
| |
|
Punjabi
|
0 (0)
|
16 (18)
| |
|
Urdu
|
0 (0)
|
3 (3)
| |
|
Hindi
|
0 (0)
|
2 (2)
| |
|
Patient Literacy***
|
<0.001b
|
|
Yes
|
90 (99)
|
71 (80)
| |
|
No
|
1 (1)
|
18 (20)
| |
|
Number of years in UK, mean (SD)
|
NA
|
31.76 (11.6)
| |
|
DAS CRP, mean (SD)
|
4.02 (0.83)*
|
3.76 (0.81)*
|
0.034a
|
|
Disease duration (years)
|
5 (2–11)
|
7 (3–13)
|
0.173c
|
|
Oral/biologic DMARDs
|
|
Methotrexate
|
77 (84.6)
|
81 (91.0)
|
0.256b
|
|
Sulphasalazine
|
38 (41.8)
|
42 (47.2)
|
0.549b
|
|
Hydroxychloroquine
|
10 (11.0)
|
11 (12.4)
|
0.820b
|
|
Anti-TNF
|
45 (49.5)
|
35 (39.3)
|
0.181b
|
|
Other
|
8 (8.8)
|
7 (7.9)
|
1.000b
|
- at-test, bFisher’s exact test, cMann-Whitney, *(CRP was available on 91 White British, 86 South Asian patients (Level of education; was available on 91 White British patients, and 88 South Asian patients) **(A homemaker is defined as “a person who manages the household of his or her own family, especially as a principal occupation) ***(patients’ ability to read and write in their preferred language)
