Professional groups
|
n = 58e
|
n = 52e
| |
0.43a
|
semi-skilled worker
|
21/58 (36)
|
12/52 (23)
| | |
training occupation
|
22/58 (38)
|
27/52 (52)
| | |
technical occupation
|
6/58 (10)
|
5/52 (10)
| | |
academic profession
|
9/58 (16)
|
8/52 (15)
| | |
Occupational group
|
n = 77d
|
n = 65d
| |
0.23a
|
manual labor
|
14/77 (18)
|
17/65 (26)
| | |
administrative work
|
34/77 (44)
|
20/65 (31)
| | |
neither manual labor nor administrative work
|
29/77 (38)
|
28/65 (43)
| | |
Occupational hierarchy according to Goldthorp
|
n = 58e
|
n = 52e
| | |
I
|
13/58 (22)
|
9/52 (17)
|
I – IV vs. V – VII
|
0.95a
|
0.7 (0.3 – 1.6)
|
II
|
13/58 (22)
|
11/52 (21)
| | |
III
|
9/58 (16)
|
7/52 (13)
| | |
IV
|
6/58 (10)
|
4/52 (8)
| | |
V
|
5/58 (9)
|
6/52 (12)
| | |
VI
|
6/58 (10)
|
7/52 (13)
| | |
VII
|
6/58 (10)
|
8/52 (15)
| | |
Working time
|
n = 58e
|
n = 52e
| | |
average working hours per week, in hours (range)
|
34 (7–60)
|
38 (10–55)
| |
0.05c
|
Piecework
|
n = 58f
|
n = 52f
| | |
daily
|
4/58 (7)
|
3/52 (6)
|
Yes vs. never
|
0.76b
|
1.6 (0.5 – 5.5)
|
3/4 of the time
|
1/58 (2)
|
-
| | |
1/2 of the time
|
1/58 (2)
|
3/52 (6)
| | |
1/4 of the time
|
2/58 (3)
|
1/52 (2)
| | |
never
|
50/58 (86)
|
45/52 (87)
| | |
Work with computer
|
n = 58f
|
n = 47f
| | |
daily
|
17/58 (29)
|
15/47 (32)
|
Yes vs. never
|
0.99b
|
1.5 (0.6 – 3.7)
|
3/4 of the time
|
2/58 (3)
|
2/47 (4)
| | |
1/2 of the time
|
4/58 (7)
|
2/47 (4)
| | |
1/4 of the time
|
12/58 (21)
|
9/47 (19)
| | |
never
|
23/58 (40)
|
19/47 (40)
| | |
Twisting motions at work
|
n = 58f
|
n = 52f
| | |
every hour
|
11/58 (19)
|
11/52 (21)
|
Every hour/daily vs. 2–3× per week/
|
0.31b
|
1× per week/never
|
1.2 (0.6 – 2.8)
|
daily
|
14/58 (24)
|
15/52 (29)
| | |
2–3× per week
|
5/58 (9)
|
-
| | |
1× per week
|
4/58 (7)
|
3/52 (6)
| | |
never
|
24/58 (41)
|
23/52 (44)
| | |
Powerful motions of the forearm or hand
|
n = 58f
|
n = 47f
| | |
every hour
|
14/58 (24)
|
8/47 (17)
|
Every hour/daily vs. 2–3× per week/
|
0.06b
|
1× per week/never
|
1.0 (0.4 – 2.3)
|
daily
|
10/58 (17)
|
15/47 (32)
| | |
2–3× per week
|
4/58 (7)
|
2/47 (4)
| | |
1× per week
|
2/58 (3)
|
7/47 (15)
| | |
never
|
28/58 (48)
|
15/47 (32)
| | |
Pulling or pushing of loads
|
n = 58f
|
n = 47f
| | |
every hour
|
3/58 (5)
|
5/47 (11)
|
Every hour/daily vs. 2–3× per week/
|
0.04b
|
1× per week/never
|
0.6 (0.3 – 1.5)
|
daily
|
8/58 (14)
|
12/47 (26)
| | |
2–3× per week
|
3/58 (5)
|
-
| | |
1× per week
|
11/58 (19)
|
2/47 (4)
| | |
never
|
33/58 (57)
|
28/47 (60)
| | |
Ergonomically stressful work
|
n = 58f
|
n = 52f
| | |
every hour
|
7/58 (12)
|
9/52 (17)
|
Every hour/daily vs. 2–3× per week/
|
0.42a
|
1× per week/never
|
0.7 (0.3 – 1.5)
|
daily
|
10/58 (17)
|
15/52 (29)
| | |
2–3× per week
|
4/58 (7)
|
3/52 (6)
| | |
1× per week
|
6/58 (10)
|
6/52 (12)
| | |
never
|
31/58 (53)
|
19/52 (37)
| | |
Musical instrument
|
n = 77h
|
n = 65h
| | |
current
|
4/77 (5)
|
7/65 (11)
|
0.6 (0.1–2.3)
|
0.35b
|
former & never
|
73/77 (95)
|
58/65 (89)
| | |
High impact sports i
|
n = 77h
|
n = 65h
| | |
current
|
39/77 (51)
|
23/65 (35)
|
1.8 (0.9–3.7)
|
0.06b
|
former & never
|
38/77 (49)
|
42/65 (65)
| | |
Rheumatoid arthritis
| | | | |
suspicion of rheumatoid arthritis j
|
0/77 (0)
|
1/65 (2)
|
-
|
0.46b
|
morning stiffness > 1 h
|
4/77 (5)
|
14/65 (20)
|
0.8 (0.1–5.1)
|
0.01b
|
arthritis of 3 or more joint areas
|
3/77 (4)
|
7/65 (11)
|
0.4 (0.1–1.6)
|
0.2b
|
symmetric arthritis
|
0/77 (0)
|
3/65 (4)
|
-
|
0.1b
|
Trauma (<2 years before dQ)
|
2/77 (3)
|
0/65 (0)
|
-
|
0.5b
|
Working time at computer
|
n = 28h
|
n = 30h
| | |
Computer use in hours per week
|
19 (1–40)
|
16 (1–54)
| |
0.24c
|
Keyboard
|
n = 28h
|
n = 30h
| | |
ergonomic
|
2/28 (7)
|
1/30 (3)
|
Laptop vs. PC (normal/ergonomic)
|
0.88b
|
0.9 (0.2 – 6.6)
|
normal
|
23/28 (82)
|
25/30 (83)
| | |
Laptop
|
3/28 (11)
|
4/30 (13)
| | |
Mouse
|
n = 28h
|
n = 30h
| | |
normal
|
24/28 (86)
|
26/30 (87)
|
Touchpad vs. PC-mouse (normal/ergonomic)
|
0.87b
|
0.9 (0.1 – 6.4)
|
ergonomic
|
2/28 (7)
|
1/30 (3)
| | |
Touchpad
|
2/28 (7)
|
3/30 (10)
| | |