Figure 1

Analytical model. Detailed legend: Analytical model to evaluate the association between body mass index (BMI) z score at 11 years and total body bone mineral content (BMC) and body mineral density (BMD) at 18 years old, and the mediation by BMI z score, fat mass (FM) and fat free mass (FFM) at 18 years. Endnotes: 1. Adjusted for skin color, maternal schooling, family income, physical activity and smoking at 11 years; 2. Adjusted for 1 + physical activity, smoking, calcium intake, height and height squared at 18 years. Solid lines: direct effect of BMI z score at 11 years old on BMI z score, fat mass and fat free mass at 18 years and on BMC/BMD at 18 years. Dashed lines: indirect effect of BMI z score at 11 years on BMC/BMD after mediation through BMI z score, fat mass and fat free mass at 18 years (calculated as the product of these two arrows). Dotted lines: direct effect of BMI z score, fat mass and fat free mass at 18 years on BMC/BMD at 18 years old.