Table 1 Description of the motor control and cervical motion variables
From: Evidence for a general stiffening motor control pattern in neck pain: a cross sectional study
Construct | Test | Assessment | Unit of measure | Sensors | Reps per test | Analyzed | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Neck flexibility | Active neck movements in flexion/extension, rotation and lateral flexion | Cervical ROM in flexion/extension, rotation, and, lateral flexion | deg | S1 vs S2 | 3 | Avg | Full cycle cervical ROM |
Conjunct motion in the two associated movement planes | deg | Avg | According to Woodhouse et al. (2008) | ||||
Peak velocity in flexion/extension, rotation and lateral flexion | deg/s | Avg | 3 D angular velocity | ||||
Proprioception | Joint position error in left and right head rotation | 3D repositioning error in left and right rotation | deg | S1 vs S2 | 6 | Avg | 3 repetitions in each direction |
Trajectory movement control | FOE slow speed | Average point deviation (PD) | cm | S1 vs TX | 1 | Single | 30 sec duration |
FOE fast speed | 1 | 20 sec duration | |||||
FOE in standing, slow speed | 1 | 30 sec duration. | |||||
The Fly test, 1A | Average point deviation (PD) | cm | S1 vs TX | 1 | Single | 30 sec duration for all of the Fly tests. Adopted from Kristjansson et al. (2010) | |
The Fly test, 2B | 1 | ||||||
The Fly test, 1B | 1 | ||||||
The Fly test, 2A | 1 | ||||||
Head steadiness | Isometric neck flexion, low load | Average 3 D angular velocity | deg/s | S1 vs S2 | 1 | Single | 60 sec duration 60° recumbent position |
Isometric neck flexion, high load | Average 3 D angular velocity | deg/s | 1 | 30 sec duration Supine position | |||
Holding time | sec | ||||||
Postural sway | Standing balance EO | Sway area (95 % confidence area) | cm2 | S3 vs TX | 1 | Single | 60 sec duration for the tests of standing balance. |
Standing balance EC | 1 | ||||||
Standing balance EOB | 1 | ||||||
FOE in standing | 1 | 30 sec duration |