Figure 3

The posteroinferior capsule release procedure in interventional microadhesiolysis for adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder. (a) A Flexed Round Needle inserted below the inferior border of the scapular spine on the infraspinatus muscle-tendon fascia in a human skeleton model; (b) Release of capsular fibrosis using the Flexed Round Needle in a human skeleton model; (c) A Flexed Round Needle inserted in a patient; (d) Release of the capsular fibrosis using the Flexed Round Needle and with simultaneous passive abduction by an assistant; Fluoroscopic images of a Flexed Round Needle inserted in a patient at (e) 45° of abduction and (f) near full abduction; (g) Longitudinal ultrasound image of a Flexed Round Needle inserted in a patient; (h) Transverse ultrasound image of a Flexed Round Needle inserted in a patient.