Table 2 Hand specific data to be collected during clinical assessment (CAS-HA)

Clinical Interview Questions:

Characteristic of complaint

Duration of hand problem

< 12 months, 1-<5 years, 5-<10 years, 10 years +

Onset: sudden, gradual

yes, no, for right and left hands

Onset: following accident or injury

yes, no, for right and left hands

Hand pain and hand symptoms

Pain/tenderness in past month

yes, no

Hand pain descriptors from McGill Pain Questionnaire^§ [37]

15 descriptors

Pain location: hand drawing

shading both hands front and back

Pain present all the time

yes, no

Pain related to sleep disturbance

yes, no

Pain limits activity

yes, no

Hand stiffness in past month

yes, no

Side of stiffness

right, left, both

Hand stiffness on waking in past month

yes, no

Duration of morning stiffness

≤ 30 mins, 30+ mins

Finger locking, triggering

yes, no

Release of locking

yes, no

Altered sensation (pins + needles, tingling, numbness) in past month

yes, no

Altered sensation location: hand drawing

shading both hands front and back

Altered sensation worse at night

yes, no

Occupational impact

Stop work due to hand problem

yes, no

Absence from work due to hand problem

yes, no

Management/self-help

Adaptation: gadgets, help, avoidance, change method, stop/reduce activity, take longer, other

yes, no

17 treatments/self-help activities tried recently

yes, no

Any treatments effective

yes, no

Family history of joint problems

Relatives with joint problems: father, mother, brother, sister

yes, no

Hand involvement

yes, no

Diagnostic and causal attributions

Open-ended questions

free text

Health problems

Open-ended question: 2 most important health problems

free text

Hand Assessment (right and left hands):

Upper limb screen

9 movements (adapted from [38])

yes, no, unable to assess

Observation/Palpation

Swelling, nodes, bony enlargement, deformity at selected joints

yes, no

Thenar muscle wasting

yes, no

Dupuytren's

yes, no

Measurement

Thumb opposition [39]

yes, no, for 10 positions

Thumb extension

degrees

Wrist extension

degrees

Wrist flexion

degrees

Tests

Phalen's [40,41]

positive, negative, unable to assess

Grind [42,43]

positive, negative, unable to assess

Finklestein's [42,44]

positive, negative, unable to assess

Hand function

Grip Ability Test [45]

timed (seconds)

Power grip (JAMAR dynomometer) [46]

lbs

Pinch grip (B&L pinch gauge) [46]

lbs

Brief self-complete questionnaire:

Hand pain and hand symptoms

Days of hand pain, ache or stiffness in past month*^§ [10]

all, most, some, few, no

Severity of hand pain in past month*^§

numerical rating scale (0–10)

Thumb pain during activity in past month*^§

yes, no

Swelling in hands in past month

yes, no

Impact of symptoms

Severity of overall hand problems in past month*^§

none, very mild, mild, moderate, severe

Bothersomeness of hand problem in past 2 weeks*^§ (adapted from [47])

not at all, slightly, moderately, very much, extremely

Symptom satisfaction*^§ (adapted from [23])

5-point Likert scale: very dissatisfied to very satisfied