Knee kinematics and kinetics in former soccer players with a 16-year-old ACL injury – the effects of twelve weeks of knee-specific training

Table 2 Kinetics and kinematics during gait, step activity and cross-over hop.

	Reference group Corresponding side	ACL group injured side at baseline	ACL group injured side at 12 w follow-up	P-value
GAIT
VGRF (BW) ^a	1.09 ± 0.1	1.12 ± 0.1	1.12 ± 0.1	0.448
Peak knee flexion at loading response (degrees)	17 ± 3	18 ± 4	18 ± 3	0.097
Knee extensor moment (Nm/kg), (internal moment)	0.42 ± 0.1	0.44 ± 0.2	0.49 ± 0.2	0.197
STEP ACTIVITY
VGRF (BW) ^b	1.59 ± 0.2	1.66 ± 0.1	1.58 ± 0.2	0.119
Peak knee flexion of supporting limb (degrees)	52 ± 6	48 ± 9	50 ± 9	0.130
Knee extensor moment (Nm/kg), (internal moment)	0.56 ± 0.2	0.44 ± 0.3	0.54 ± 0.2	0.084
CROSS-OVER HOP
VGRF (BW) ^b	1.88 ± 0.1	1.86 ± 0.2	1.85 ± 0.2	0.337
Peak knee flexion during landing (degrees)	49 ± 7	44 ± 6	48 ± 5	0.015
Knee extensor moment (Nm/kg), (internal moment)	1.49 ± 0.4	1.28 ± 0.5	1.55 ± 0.6	0.008

a) VGRF in gait was measured during the first 25% of the gait cycle. b) VGRF in step and cross over hop were measured during the initial contact with the force plate of the step over limb.
Mean ± SD for kinetics and kinematics during gait, step activity, cross-over hop for the reference group and the ACL group before and after the 12 week training programme. The paired samples t-test was used to compare the ACL group at baseline and at the 12 week follow-up.

ISSN: 1471-2474