From: Musculoskeletal disorders in shipyard industry: prevalence, health care use, and absenteeism
Self reported risk factors | Hand wrist pain (n = 853) | Health care use (n = 126) | Sick leave (n = 126) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | OR§ | 95% CI | OR§ | 95% CI | OR§ | 95% CI |
Age | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   ≤ 30 | 1.00 |  | 1.00 |  | 1.00 |  |
   31–44 | 1.25 | 0.74 2.12 | 3.51* | 1.19 10.34 | 0.29* | 0.10 0.83 |
   45 ≥ | 1.64 | 0.92 2.91 | 0.64 | 0.24 1.73 | 0.36 | 0.12 1.07 |
Females | 3.82* | 1.93 7.58 | 0.29 | 0.06 1.45 | 0.81 | 0.23 2.85 |
Body mass index >30 kg/m2 | 1.39 | 0.85 2.26 | 1.59 | 0.62 4.10 | 1.00 | 0.33 3.05 |
Living alone | 0.75 | 0.41 1.37 | 0.25* | 0.07 0.92 | 0.90 | 0.24 3.38 |
Kids | 1.15 | 0.73 1.82 | 1.86 | 0.72 4.82 | 1.21 | 0.42 3.46 |
Blue collars | 1.42 | 0.79 2.55 | 9.45* | 2.20 40.51 | 1.87 | 0.32 0.84 |
Low level of education | 1.06 | 0.59 1.91 | 3.72 | 0.77 18.02 | 3.10 | 0.59 6.24 |
Supervising | 1.34 | 0.87 2.07 | 1.00 | 0.43 2.34 | 0.76 | 0.31 1.91 |
Manual material handling | 1.99* | 1.18 3.35 | 0.60 | 0.22 1.66 | 0.47 | 0.14 1.54 |
Strenuous shoulder movements | 1.39 | 0.89 2.18 | 0.17* | 0.06 0.50 | 1.36 | 0.44 4.17 |
Strenuous awkward postures | 1.32 | 0.83 2.10 | 1.07 | 0.39 2.96 | 1.01 | 0.36 2.85 |
High perceived exertion | 1.18 | 0.76 1.82 | 0.98 | 0.40 2.45 | 1.34 | 0.50 3.58 |
Low job control | 1.06 | 0.70 1.61 | 1.51 | 0.65 3.47 | 0.82 | 0.32 2.07 |
High job demands | 0.76 | 0.50 1.18 | 0.89 | 0.38 2.06 | 1.45 | 0.54 3.88 |
High need for recovery | 1.01 | 0.63 1.61 | 0.60 | 0.25 1.44 | 0.57 | 0.22 1.47 |
Bad/moderate perceived general health | 2.52* | 1.64 3.87 | 0.85 | 0.36 2.00 | 0.86 | 0.33 2.27 |
MSD comorbidity | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   HWP |  |  | 1.00 |  | 1.00 |  |
   HWP and LBP |  |  | 1.17 | 0.38 3.56 | 0.41 | 0.12 1.42 |
   HWP and SNP |  |  | 5.27* | 1.09 25.39 | 0.74 | 0.18 2.99 |
   ALL |  |  | 1.36 | 0.46 4.08 | 0.61 | 1.19 1.90 |
Chronic complaint | Â | Â | 2.53 | 0.98 6.51 | 1.62 | 0.60 4.37 |