Figure 3

Graphs plot standardized effect size differences between control and chronic lower back pain groups for a) left internal obliques, b) right internal obliques, c) left rectus abdominus, d) right rectus abdominus, e) left external obliques, f) right external obliques. Each graph represents a muscle group with plots representing the magnitude of difference between the two groups in the different postures. Positive values indicate the chronic lower back pain group had higher normalized values. Error bars indicate 95% confidence limits of the mean difference between groups. The shaded area of the graph indicates the region in which the difference between groups is trivial (i.e. between -0.20 and 0.20 standardized effect sizes). Asterisks (*) indicate conditions with >75% likelihood that the difference exceeds the smallest worthwhile difference.