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Table 5 Unadjusted and adjusted odds of extreme obesity (BMI of 40 or higher), an underlying operative diagnosis of RA/inflammatory arthritis, Deyo-Charlson index of 3 or higher, depression or anxiety over time

From: Increasing obesity and comorbidity in patients undergoing primary total hip arthroplasty in the U.S.: A 13-year study of time trends

 

1993-1995

1996-1998

1999-2001

2002-2005

BMI ≥40

 Unadjusted

Ref

1.46 (0.91, 2.35)

2.43 (1.58, 3.73)*

2.90 (1.92, 4.37)*

 Age- and sex-adjusted

Ref

1.41 (0.85, 2.26)

2.36 (1.53, 3.63)*

2.84 (1.88, 4.29)*

 Comorbidity-adjusted

Ref

1.47 (0.92, 2.37)

2.40 (1.56, 3.69*

2.87 (1.90, 4.33)*

 Age-, sex- and comorbidity adjusted

Ref

1.42 (0.88, 2.28)

2.30 (1.50, 3.55)*

2.79 (1.85, 4.22)*

Diagnosis of RA/inflammatory arthritis a

 Unadjusted

Ref

1.00 (0.67, 1.50)

0.59 (0.38, 0.91) ¶

0.31 (0.19, 0.51)*

 Age- and sex-adjusted

Ref

0.97 (0.65, 1.46)

0.55 (0.35, 0.85) †

0.29 (0.18, 0.48)*

 Comorbidity-adjusted

Ref

1.00 (0.67, 1.51)

0.58 (0.38, 0.90) ¶

0.31 (0.19, 0.50)*

 Age-, sex- and comorbidity adjusted

Ref

0.99 (0.66, 1.48)

0.53 (0.34, 0.83) †

0.28 (0.17, 0.46)*

Deyo-Charlson Index ≥3 b

 Unadjusted

Ref

0.82 (0.64, 1.04)

1.21 (0.97, 1.51)

1.28 (1.04, 1.58) ¶

 Age- and sex-adjusted

Ref

0.86 (0.67, 1.10)

1.26 (1.01, 1.58) ¶

1.32 (1.07, 1.63) †

Depression

 Unadjusted

Ref

1.07 (0.74, 1.53)

1.64 (1.18, 2.27) †

2.30 (1.70, 3.11)*

 Age- and sex-adjusted

Ref

1.09 (0.76, 1.56)

1.65 (1.19, 2.29) †

2.31 (1.71, 3.13)*

 Comorbidity-adjusted

Ref

1.09 (0.76, 1.56)

1.59 (1.15, 2.21) †

2.24 (1.66, 3.04)*

 Age-, sex- and comorbidity adjusted

Ref

1.11 (0.77, 1.59)

1.60 (1.15, 2.22) †

2.25 (1.66, 3.05)*

Anxiety

 Unadjusted

Ref

1.04 (0.69, 1.59)

1.48 (1.01, 2.17) ¶

1.74 (1.22, 2.49) †

 Age- and sex-adjusted

Ref

1.09 (0.72, 1.66)

1.51 (1.03, 2.21) ¶

1.75 (1.22, 2.51) †

 Comorbidity-adjusted

Ref

1.07 (0.70, 1.62)

1.44 (0.98, 2.11)

1.70 (1.18, 2.43) †

 Age-, sex- and comorbidity adjusted

Ref

1.10 (0.73, 1.68)

1.47 (1.00, 2.15)

1.71 (1.19, 2.15) †

  1. Ref, reference category, has an odds ratio of 1.0.
  2. aOsteoarthritis is the reference category for diagnosis.
  3. bSince the variable under study was Deyo-Charlson index, comorbidity-adjusted models were not run.
  4. ¶P < 0.05; †P ≤ 0.01; *P ≤ 0.001.
  5. Significant odds ratios are in bold.