Table 1 Clinical characteristics of the IS and control subjects
|  | IS (n = 52) | Control (n = 19) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
Age | 13.2 ± 1.3 (11.0–16.0) | 12.6 ± 1.9 (10.7–16.0) | 0.181 |
Gender | Â | Â | Â |
 Group A |  |  | 0.158 |
  Male | 3 | 4 |  |
  Female (postmenarchal) | 17 (6) | 5 (1) |  |
 Group B |  |  | 0.135 |
  Male | 3 | 3 |  |
  Female (postmenarchal) | 29 (16) | 7 (3) |  |
Risser grade | Â | Â | 0.499 |
  0 | 20 | 9 |  |
  2 | 32 | 10 |  |
Oxford stage (Risser = 0) |  |  | 0.436 |
  2 | 8 | 5 | |
  3 | 12 | 4 | |
Cobb angle (°) | 54.1 ± 14.6 (40–105) | - |  |