Figure 4From: A great enigma of the Italian Renaissance: paleopathological study on the death of Giovanni dalle Bande Nere (1498–1526) and historical relevance of a leg amputation Typical low back disorders were caused in a young horseman by cronic mechanical stresses: a Schmorl’s hearnias and b spondylolysis of the fifth lumbar vertebra, c as well-documented on CT scan. Back to article page