Pain (follow-up 3 months; measured with: Pain VAS from 0 to 100 [worse pain]; Better indicated by lower values)
|
10
|
randomised trials
|
no serious limitations
|
serious1
|
no serious indirectness
|
no serious imprecision
|
none
|
566
|
575
|
MD 12.91 lower (20 to 5.82 lower)
| ⊕ ⊕ ⊕Ο MODERATE |
Functional status (follow-up 3 months; measured with: Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire, Oswestry Disability Index; Better indicated by lower values)
|
9
|
randomised trials
|
no serious limitations
|
serious1
|
no serious indirectness
|
no serious imprecision
|
none
|
529
|
517
|
SMD 0.36 lower (0.58 to 0.14 lower)
| ⊕ ⊕ ⊕Ο MODERATE |