Author/s | Population | Participants | Insole & Comparison | Intervention | Time (weeks) | Quality score |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fauno, 1993 | Soccer referees in 5 day competition | 121 majority male Age: 35.90 ± 9.95 Randomised: 121 Analysed: 91 | Prefabricated shock absorbing heel insoles, 8 mm thick vs No insole | Referees wore inserts in shoes for average of 870 minutes over 5 days | 0.7 | 68% |
Larsen, 2002 | New military recruits starting training in a Danish regiment | 145 male, 1 female Age: 18–24 Randomised: 146 Analysed: 121 | Prefabricated (heat moulded) semi rigid orthoses vs No insole | Conscripts told to wear orthoses whenever wearing military boots | 12 | 79% |
Mattila, 2011 | New military recruits starting service in Finland | All male Age: 19(18–29) Randomised: 220 Analysed: 220 | Prefabricated polyethylene (heat moulded) ¾ length orthoses vs No insole | Participants told to use insoles in their ankle boots during daily service time | 24 | 86% |
Milgrom, 2005 | New military recruits without a history of low back pain during basic training | All male Age: 18.80 ± 0.70 Randomised: 404 Analysed: 179 | Custom semirigid biomechanical orthoses vs Custom soft biomechanical orthoses vs Simple shoe inserts (placebo) | Recruits monitored for compliance, but usage not stated in article | 14 | 75% |
Schwellnus, 1990 | New military recruits doing standard training | All male Age: 18.50 ± 1.20 Randomised: 1511 Analysed: 1388 | Prefrabricated flat neoprene insoles vs No insole | Recruits given instructions to wear insoles daily in the standard footwear | 9 | 68% |
Tooms, 1987 | Senior nursing students whose work required prolonged standing or walking | Sex unknown Age: 22.85 ± 5.35 Randomised: 100 Analysed: 100 | Prefrabricated viscoelastic insoles vs No insole | Participants requested to wear insoles in their regular work shoes | 5 | 64% |