Table 4 Characteristics of the included studies
From: The reliability of WorkWell Systems Functional Capacity Evaluation: a systematic review
Inter-rater reliability | Intra-rater reliability | Test-retest reliability | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Authors | Population | Health status of subjects | Effort levels assessed | Type of monitoring | Expertise of observers | Range of included items | Weight handling and strength | Weight handling and strength | Weight handling and strength | Posture and mobility | Locomotion | Balance |
Smith [19] | n: 21 subjects (126 taped procedures); Age: 40 years (22–61); Sex: 16 M, 5 F; r: 5 raters; Country: USA | Low back pain | Maximal safe performance | Video monitoring | Trained | Lifting low | POA: 81-82%; κ: 0.62-0.64 | POA: 87%; κ: 0.73 | ||||
Gardener and McKenna [20] | n: 30 subjects (144 taped procedures); Age: 31 years (20–30); Sex: 10 M, 20 F; r: 5 raters; Country: Australia | Unclear | Maximal safe performance | Video monitoring | Trained | Lifting low | POA: 86-94%; κ: 0.56-0.82 | |||||
Gross and Battie [23] | n: 28 subjects; Age: 41 years (23–62); Sex: 20 M, 8 F; r: 5 raters; Country: Canada | Low back pain | Maximal safe performance | Direct supervision | Trained | Lifting low, lifting high, short carry two-handed, long carry two-handed, long carry left-handed, long carry right-handed | ICC: 0.95-0.98 | ICC: 0.78-0.94 | ||||
Reneman et al. [24] | n: 4 subjects (104 taped procedures); Age: 20–30 years; Sex: 2 M, 2 F; r: 5 raters; Country: Netherland | Healthy | Light, moderate, heavy and maximal safe performance | Video monitoring | Trained | Lifting low, lifting high, short carry two-handed, long carry two-handed, long carry left-handed, long carry right-handed | POA: 87-96% | POA: 93-97% | ||||
Reneman et al. [25] | n: 50 subjects; Age: 38.8 (28–52); Sex: 39 M, 11 F; Country: Netherland | Chronic low back pain | Maximal safe performance | Direct supervision | Trained | Lifting low, lifting high, short carry two-handed | ICC: 0.77-0.87 | |||||
Brouwer et al. [12] | n: 30 subjects; Age: 40 years; Sex: 24 M, 6 F; Country: Netherland | Chronic low back pain | Maximal safe performance | Direct supervision | Trained | Complete WWS protocol except for grip strength and hand coordination | ICC: 0.75-0.87; POA: 100% | ICC: 0.36-0.96; POA: 78-100%; κ: 0.51-1.00 | ICC: 0.84; POA: 78-85%; κ: 0.25-0.56 | POA: 96% | ||
Reneman et al. [26] | n: 26 subjects; Age: 34.9 years; Sex: 14 M, 12 F; Country: Netherland | Healthy | Maximal safe performance | Direct supervision | Trained | Complete WWS protocol except for grip strength and hand coordination | ICC: 0.68-0.98; POA: 100% | ICC: 0.54-0.93; POA: 79-100%; κ: 0.57-1.00 | ICC: 0.64; POA: 85-100%; κ: 0.69 | POA: 100% | ||
Reneman et al. [28] | n: 15 subjects (71 taped procedures); Age: 29.5 years (18–53); Sex: 7 M, 8 F; r: 9 raters; Country: Netherland | Healthy | Light, moderate, heavy and maximal safe performance | Video monitoring | Trained | Lifting low | κ: 0.58 | |||||
n: 16 subjects (63 taped procedures); Age: 39.6 years (27–50); Sex: 12 M, 4 F; r: 9 raters; Country:Netherland | Chronic low back pain | Light, moderate, heavy and maximal safe performance | Video monitoring | Trained | Lifting low | κ: 0.50 | ||||||
Soer et al. [29] | n: 33 subjects; Age: 29.2 years; Sex: 14 M, 19 F; Country: Netherland | Healthy | Maximal safe performance | Direct supervision | Trained | Lifting high, grip strength right, grip strength left, overhead work | ICC: 0.86-0.92 | ICC: 0.90 | ||||
van Ittersum et al. [30] | n: 79 subjects; Age: 56.6 years (45–65); Sex: 15% M, 85% F; Country: Netherland | Osteoarthritis (hip and/or knee) | Maximal safe performance | Direct supervision | Trained | Lifting low, lifting high, short carry two-handed | ICC: 0.75-0.88 | |||||
Trippolini et al. [32] | n: 32 subjects; Age: 36.9 years (18–65); Sex: 21 M, 11 F; Country: Switzerland | Whiplash-associated disorders | Maximal safe performance | Direct supervision | Trained | Lifting low, lifting high, short carry two-handed, long carry left-handed, long carry right-handed, grip strength right, grip strength left, overhead work | ICC: 0.66-0.96 | ICC: 0.83 | ||||