Outcome | Baseline | 3-month follow-up | 6-month follow-up | 12-month follow-up | p-value |
---|
| Median (IQR) | Median (IQR) | Median (IQR) | Median (IQR) | (Chi2, df) |
---|
PDI n = 57
| 3 (5) | 2 (5) | 2 (5) | 1 (6) | <.001 (24.7, 3) |
Pain Intensity n = 58
| 2 (2) | 1 (2) | 1(2) | 1 (2) | .31 (3.5, 3) |
SES n = 57
| 188 (21) | 190 (27) | 192 (23) | 191 (27) | <.001 (26.4, 3) |
TSK n = 55
| 27 (7) | 28 (6) | 28 (6) | 29 (7) | .007 (12.0, 3) |
CAT n = 57
| 4 (10) | 3 (9) | 4 (10) | 2 (7) | <.001 (20.8, 3) |
IES n = 56
| 24 (17) | 21.5 (16) | 21 (15) | 22 (15) | <.001 (33.5, 3) |
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Note: N is based on those participants with completed questionnaires from all time points.
- PDI = Pain Disability Index (0–70), low scores indicate low disability.
- Pain intensity (3 items 0–10), low scores indicate low pain intensity, control (1 item 0–10), low scores indicate low control.
- SES = Self-Efficacy Scale (0–200), low scores indicate low efficacy expectations.
- TSK = The Tampa Scale of Kinesiphobia (17–68), low scores indicate low fear.
- CAT = The Coping Strategies Questionnaire (0–36). High scores indicate higher frequency of catastrophic thinking.
- IES = Impact of Event Scale (0–75). High scores indicate severe symptoms.