Figure 2

Schematic of tendon repair techniques. (A) Modified Kessler suture: 4–0 polyester suture placed in the tendon and tied with a single buried knot with three throws. (B) Running peripheral suture: 6–0 polyester suture placed in a running fashion. (C) Biofilm-wrapped Achilles tendon: after repairing with standard techniques, the Achilles tendon was wrapped with biofilm, with 5 mm lengths of biofilm on both sides of the lacerated site. (D) Biofilm fixation: 6–0 polyester suture placed in a running fashion. (E) Cross-section of a laceration repaired by the running superficial peripheral suture technique. Here, the needle passage was through the paratenon and only the superficial tendon. (F) Cross-section of a suture site for biofilm fixation after wrapping: using the running superficial suture technique, the biofilm was fixed on the Achilles tendon. The needle passage was through the biofilm, the paratenon, and only the superficial tendon.